The toxicity of metal salts and the population growth of the ciliate Colpoda cucculus
The toxicity of metal salts and the population growth of the ciliate Colpoda cucculus
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金属盐的毒性与纤毛虫 Colpoda cucculus 的种群增长
DOI：
10.1007/bf00192605
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发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
H. van der Voet
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Janßen;C. Oosterhoff;G. J. S. M. Heijmans;H. van der Voet
材料和方法文献数据的评价表明，在使用原生动物的水生环境毒性试验中，大多数选择纤毛虫作为试验种属（Janssen，1994）。纤毛虫是原生动物中最大的种类，比变形虫和鞭毛虫更容易从悬浮液中单独分离，也更容易识别。选择纤毛虫进行毒性试验的另一个重要论点是，它们通常可作为来自培养物保藏中心的经认证的无菌菌株获得，所述培养物保藏中心提供优于非无菌生物体的某些优势（例如，美国典型培养物保藏中心，1982，Thompson等人，1988年）。Persoone & Dive（1979）描述了纤毛虫水生毒性测试方法。我们选择纤毛虫Colpoda cucuUus作为测试物种，因为它是最丰富的土壤纤毛虫之一，并且属于几乎总是局限于土壤生态系统的属CFoissner，1987，Sleigh，1989，Foissner et al.，1991年）。我们的试验动物从荷兰韦克罗姆的松林中分离。已知纤毛虫在凋落物层中相对较多（Sleigh，1989），在我们的野外站点中观察到每克凋落物中有数千只纤毛虫。纤毛虫的鉴定使用Foissner等。（1991年）。将松针与自来水在培养皿中混合，并置于室温下培养。几天后，从培养皿中挑取纤毛虫，并使用微量移液管转移到垫料提取物培养基中。将培养物在培养基中保持数周，每周更新两次以保持培养物活性并避免包囊形成。
MATERIALS AND METHODSAn evaluation of literature data showed that in the majority of toxicity tests for the aquatic environment in which protozoa are used, ciliates are chosen as test species (Janssen, 1994). Ciliates contain the largest species among the protozoa, are more easy to isolate individually from suspension than amoebae and flagellates and are more easy to identify. Another important argument for selecting ciliates for toxicity tests is that they are often available as certified axene strain from the culture collections which provide certain advantages above nonaxenic organisms (eg American Type Culture Collection, 1982, Thompson et al., 1988). Methods for aquatic toxicity tests with ciliates have been described by Persoone & Dive (1979).We selected the ciliate Colpoda cucuUus as test species as it is one of the most abundant soil ciliates and it belongs to a genus which is almost always confined to the soil ecosystem CFoissner, 1987, Sleigh, 1989, Foissner et al., 1991). Our test animals were isolated from a pine forest at Wekerom, The Netherlands. Ciliates are known to be relatively numerous in the litter layers (Sleigh, 1989), up to several thousands per gram litter were observed in our field site. The ciliates were identified using Foissner et al.(1991). Pine needles were mixed with tap water in a petri dish and put at room temperature for culturing. The ciliates were picked from the petri dish after a few days and were transferred to a litter extract medium using a micropipette. The cultures were kept for a number of weeks in the medium, which was refreshed twice every week to keep the culture active and to avoid encystment.