Attention for action in visual working memory
Attention for action in visual working memory
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cortex.2020.07.011
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发表时间：
2020-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Roelfsema, Pieter R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Olivers, Christian N. L.;Roelfsema, Pieter R.
从Baddeley的视空间画板的概念开始，视觉工作记忆和视觉注意就一直是紧密联系的概念。一个有吸引力的模型主张两种认知功能的统一，注意力服务于感官表征的积极维护。然而，来自各种范式和依赖措施的经验证据现在已经牢固地建立了视觉注意和视觉工作记忆维持之间的至少部分分离-从而不清楚这两个概念之间的关系是什么。此外，对感觉存储的关注将视觉工作记忆视为对过去的反映，而注意力则是一种有限的资源。这种观点忽略了存储的作用：即时或未来的行动。我们认为，而不是服务于感官存储，注意力出现在工作记忆中的相关感官和动作表征耦合。重要的是，这种耦合是双向的：首先，通过循环反馈机制，动作耦合导致适当的感觉记忆表征的增强。在这种观点下，无人值守的记忆目前没有与行动计划相关联，但不一定会丢失，并在必要时可用于未来的任务。其次，通过同样的反馈预测，注意力成为行动结果的信用分配机制。当动作成功时，相关的表征会得到加强，从而在未来产生更强大的巩固和更快速的检索--这就解释了在不假设注意力是维持机制的情况下，关注记忆的性能优势。通过将VWM牢固地建立在动作系统中，新的框架整合了一系列行为和神经生理学的发现，并避免了在解释注意力在工作记忆中的作用时的循环。(C)2020作者（S）由爱思唯尔有限公司发布
From the conception of Baddeley's visuospatial sketchpad, visual working memory and visual attention have been closely linked concepts. An attractive model has advocated unity of the two cognitive functions, with attention serving the active maintenance of sensory representations. However, empirical evidence from various paradigms and dependent measures has now firmly established an at least partial dissociation between visual attention and visual working memory maintenance - thus leaving unclear what the relationship between the two concepts is. Moreover, a focus on sensory storage has treated visual working memory as a reflection of the past, with attention as a limiting resource. This view ignores what storage is for: immediate or future action. We argue that rather than serving sensory storage, attention emerges from coupling relevant sensory and action representations within working memory. Importantly, this coupling is bidirectional: First, through recurrent feedback mechanisms, action coupling results in the enhancement of the appropriate sensory memory representation. Under this view, unattended memories are currently not coupled to an action plan, but are not necessarily lost and remain available for future tasks when necessary. Second, through the very same feedback projections, attention serves as the credit assignment mechanism for the action's outcome. When the action is successful, the associated representations are being reinforced, leading to more robust consolidation and more rapid retrieval in the future - thus explaining performance benefits for attended memories without assuming that attention serves as the maintenance mechanism. By firmly grounding VWM in the action system, the new framework integrates a range of behavioural and neurophysiological findings and avoids circularity in explaining the role of attention in working memory. (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.