Cutting Greenhouse Gas Emissions Is Only the Beginning: A Literature Review of the Co-Benefits of Reducing Vehicle Miles Traveled
Cutting Greenhouse Gas Emissions Is Only the Beginning: A Literature Review of the Co-Benefits of Reducing Vehicle Miles Traveled
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减少温室气体排放只是开始：减少车辆行驶里程的共同效益的文献综述
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发表时间：
2017
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通讯作者：
J. Volker
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作者：
Kevin Fang;J. Volker
传统的交通系统评估重点是汽车交通流量和减少拥堵。然而，这种模式正在发生变化。为了应对全球变暖和减少温室气体（GHG）排放，美国各地的许多城市、地区和州已经开始不重视车辆延迟度量，例如汽车服务水平（LOS）。取而代之的是，政策制定者正在考虑替代交通影响指标，这些指标更接近驾驶的真实环境影响。越来越多地使用的一个指标是驾驶总量或车辆行驶里程（VMT）。虽然减少温室气体排放的国家目标是转向VMT措施的一个动机，但VMT的减少产生了许多其他潜在的好处，称为“共同利益”，例如减少其他空气污染物排放，水污染，野生动物死亡率和交通拥堵，以及改善安全和健康，节省公共和私人成本。这些好处可能为减少VMT提供额外的理由。在本文中，作者回顾了文献，以探讨减少VMT的潜在共同利益的存在和程度，提供加利福尼亚州的具体例子。查看NCST项目网页
Traditional evaluation of the transportation system focuses on automobile traffic flow and congestion reduction. However, this paradigm is shifting. In an effort to combat global warming and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, a number of cities, regions, and states across the United States have begun to deemphasize vehicle delay metrics such as automobile Level of Service (LOS). In their place, policymakers are considering alternative transportation impact metrics that more closely approximate the true environmental impacts of driving. One metric increasingly coming into use is the total amount of driving or Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT). While state goals for reducing GHG emissions have been one motivation for the shift to VMT measures, reductions in VMT produce many other potential benefits, referred to as “cobenefits,” such as reductions in other air pollutant emissions, water pollution, wildlife mortality, and traffic congestion, as well as improvements in safety and health, and savings in public and private costs. Such benefits may provide additional justification for reducing VMT. In this paper, the authors review the literature to explore the presence and magnitude of potential co-benefits of reducing VMT, providing California-specific examples where available. View the NCST Project Webpage