What makes distributed practice effective?

What makes distributed practice effective?
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cogpsych.2010.05.004
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发表时间:
2010-11
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Tullis J
Tullis J
中科院分区:
心理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Benjamin AS;Tullis J

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通过分配多个练习或学习机会为记忆提供的优势是记忆研究中最强大的影响之一。在这篇文章中,我们批判性地回顾了那些假设语境或编码可变性作为分布式练习优势的唯一基础的理论类别,并推荐了一种替代方法,该方法基于这样的想法,即一些学习事件会让学习者想起其他学习事件。编码变异性理论在我们这里回顾的两个重要现象中遇到了严重的挑战:超加性和非单调性。这类理论的瓶颈在于假设助记的好处来自于学习机会越来越独立,而不是相互依赖。提醒模型解释了分布式实践文献中的许多基本结果,很容易处理对编码变异性理论有问题的数据,包括超加性和非单调性,并为理解重复的影响和联想关系对记忆的影响提供了统一的理论框架。
The advantages provided to memory by the distribution of multiple practice or study opportunities are among the most powerful effects in memory research. In this paper, we critically review the class of theories that presume contextual or encoding variability as the sole basis for the advantages of distributed practice, and recommend an alternative approach based on the idea that some study events remind learners of other study events. Encoding variability theory encounters serious challenges in two important phenomena that we review here: superadditivity and nonmonotonicity. The bottleneck in such theories lies in the assumption that mnemonic benefits arise from the increasing independence, rather than interdependence, of study opportunities. The reminding model accounts for many basic results in the literature on distributed practice, readily handles data that are problematic for encoding variability theories, including superadditivity and nonmonotonicity, and provides a unified theoretical framework for understanding the effects of repetition and the effects of associative relationships on memory.
DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5371(76)90002-5
发表时间: 1976-01-01
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