Train Your Mind for Athletic Success: Mental Preparation to Achieve Your Sports Goals
Train Your Mind for Athletic Success: Mental Preparation to Achieve Your Sports Goals
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训练你的思想以取得运动成功：为实现你的运动目标做好心理准备
DOI：
10.1123/tsp.2018-0134
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Megan M Buning
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文献类型：
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作者：
Megan M Buning
吉姆·泰勒的《为运动成功训练你的头脑》针对的是各种运动、年龄组和水平的运动员。从教育和行动为导向的方法，它的目的是为运动员提供一个蓝图，一个一致的，全面的，有组织的心理训练计划。这本自我指导的书的结构是围绕着一个框架被称为主要运动表现。在一个被称为“巅峰运动剖析”的过程中，运动员完成简短的评估和反思，以衡量巅峰运动框架特有的心理特征。这本书首先介绍了运动员应该采取的五种关键态度，以达到“最佳”表现。态度包括学习一种所有权态度，采用以过程为中心的态度，将威胁态度转变为挑战态度，长期和未来目标态度，以及为绩效发展冒险态度。每个属性都附有一个常见障碍的列表（例如，过度投资、完美主义、对失败的恐惧、期望、消极的想法和情绪）和解决方案。接下来，讨论了高质量训练的方法，包括观点、训练与竞争、一致性、实验和质量。流继续讨论最佳输出所需的基本“精神肌肉”（动机、信心、强度、注意力和心态）以及如何培养它们。该框架最后以介绍和建议锐化建议的心理工具，以帮助建立在前面的内容。心理工具包括情绪、意象、日常活动、呼吸和建立信任。最后两章包括各种各样的主题，可以帮助提高精神表现，补充Prime Sport框架，并证明如何通过Prime Sport框架加强大脑将为运动员带来“回报”。用相关的语言和现实的例子，从各种运动和运动员，训练你的头脑是容易阅读，应该吸引不同群体的运动员。围绕Prime Sport框架的组织提供了秩序和流程，使材料在各个章节中相互交织，并为运动员和教练（或家长）之间的指导学习奠定了良好的基础。大多数章节提出了五个关键概念，简化了重要概念。一个主要的优点是如何准确地说明和描述某些通常难以表达或理解的问题。该领域的其他资源讨论了类似的主题，但是这些材料通常假设读者已经理解了主题（例如，性能下降和焦点类型）。这本书在定义主题、确定共同的原因和阐明行动步骤方面做得非常出色，而其他资源只提供了简单的描述和示例。这本书可能有一些局限性。例如，通过向大范围的年龄和水平进行营销，一些例子和概念似乎适合有经验的运动员，但不适合年轻的运动员，例如表现衰退或专注类型的概念。此外，年轻的运动员可能需要帮助来掌握一些概念（例如，图像）。优秀的运动员可能会超越这些材料，因为他们需要一本更深入地关注复杂技术的书（例如，对图像的深入研究）。此外，自定节奏元素可能是优点，也可能是缺点。自我评估的长度具有欺骗性，完成的时间很快就会增加，因为每章都有几个评估。运动员可能会因为耗时太长而跳过评估。以附录或工作簿形式进行评估，以便将回答保存在一个位置…
Train Your Mind for Athletic Success, by Jim Taylor, targets athletes across a variety of sports, age groups, and levels. Written from an educational and action-oriented approach, it is intended to provide athletes with a blueprint for a consistent, comprehensive, and structured mental training program. The structure of this selfguided book is centered around a framework referred to as Prime Sport Performance. In a process called Prime Sport profiling, athletes complete brief assessments and reflections to measure mental characteristics specific to the Prime Sport framework. The book begins by introducing five key attitudes athletes should adopt to achieve “prime” performance. Attitudes include learning an ownership attitude, adopting a process-focused attitude, changing threat attitudes to challenge attitudes, long-term and future goal attitudes, and developing risk-taking attitudes for performance. Accompanying each attribute is a list of common obstacles (eg, overinvestment, perfectionism, fear of failure, expectations, negative thoughts and emotions) and solutions. Next, approaches to high-quality training are addressed, including perspective, training versus competition, consistency, experimentation, and quality. The flow continues with discussion on basic “mental muscles” needed for optimal output (motivation, confidence, intensity, focus, and mind-set) and how to cultivate each. The framework concludes with an introduction and suggestions for sharpening recommended mental tools to help build on previous content. Mental tools include emotions, imagery, routines, breathing, and building trust. The final two chapters include a variety of topics that can help improve mental performance and supplement the Prime Sport framework and evidence of how strengthening the mind through the Prime Sport framework will “pay off” for athletes. With relatable language and realistic examples from a variety of sports and athletes, Train Your Mind is easy to read and should appeal to diverse groups of athletes. Organization around the Prime Sport framework provides order and flow that enables the material to intertwine throughout chapters and sets the book up nicely for a guided study between athlete and coach (or parent). Most of the chapters present five key concepts, simplifying important concepts. A major strength is how certain issues that are often difficult to articulate or understand are illustrated and described accurately. Other resources in the field discuss similar topics, but the material is often presented with the assumption that the reader already understands the topic (eg, performance slumps and focus types). This book does a fantastic job of defining topics, identifying common causes, and articulating action steps to facilitate, whereas other resources stop short with simple descriptions and examples. There are a few possible limitations of this book. For example, by marketing to a broad range of ages and levels, some examples and concepts seem appropriate for experienced athletes but not for younger ones, such as the concepts of performance slumps or focus types. In addition, younger athletes might need help to grasp some concepts (eg, imagery). Elite athletes may be beyond this material because they need a book that is more deeply focused on complex techniques (eg, in-depth study on imagery). Also, the self-paced element could be both a strength and a weakness. The selfassessments are deceiving in length, and time to complete adds up quickly with several assessments in each chapter. Athletes might be tempted to skip assessments because they take too long. Assessments in an appendix or workbook format to keep responses in one location …