Consanguineous marriages and their association with women's reproductive health and fertility behavior in Pakistan: secondary data analysis from Demographic and Health Surveys, 1990-2018.
Consanguineous marriages and their association with women's reproductive health and fertility behavior in Pakistan: secondary data analysis from Demographic and Health Surveys, 1990-2018.
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近亲婚姻及其与巴基斯坦妇女的生殖健康和生育行为的联系：人口和健康调查的二级数据分析，1990- 2018年。
DOI：
10.1186/s12905-022-01704-2
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发表时间：
2022-04-14
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Zakar, Muhammad Zakria
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iqbal, Sarosh;Zakar, Rubeena;Fischer, Florian;Zakar, Muhammad Zakria
巴基斯坦一直是近亲结婚最普遍的国家。由于社会、文化和宗教信仰以及经济优势，近亲婚姻在该国的流行程度并没有下降。然而，夫妇也面临着各种与健康有关的问题，例如怀孕结果不佳或多重生殖和生育后果，对母亲及其子女产生不利影响。这项研究调查了1990年至2018年巴基斯坦近亲婚姻的趋势及其与妇女生殖健康和生育行为的关系。这项研究基于二手数据分析，使用了1990年至2018年进行的所有四波巴基斯坦人口健康调查。分析仅限于15-49岁的妇女，她们在每次调查之前的五年内生育过。计算采样权重，随后进行加权分析。进行描述性统计、双变量和多变量logistic回归分析，以确定血缘与社会人口统计学、协变量、妇女生殖健康和生育行为相关的多个特征之间的关联。调查结果显示，在过去三十年，近亲结婚的流行率约为63%，但总体趋势稳定。近亲结婚在年轻和未受过教育的妇女中更为普遍，她们生活在农村地区，财富状况较差，接触大众媒体获取信息的机会较少。观察到血缘关系与妇女的生殖健康和生育行为有很强的关联，特别是对于那些在年轻时生育第一胎、多次妊娠、多次产次、妊娠终止、ANC访问和较高生育率的妇女。在巴基斯坦的宗法社会中，近亲结婚占主导地位。结果表明，血缘关系对女性生殖健康和生育行为有显著影响。应在社区一级设计和启动与近亲结婚有关的适当咨询、教育和健康宣传方案，以提高对妇女生殖健康和生育风险的认识。
Pakistan has been showing consistently the highest prevalence of consanguinity. The popularity of consanguineous marriages is not declining in the country, because of social, cultural, and religious beliefs as well as economic advantages. However, couples also face various health-related implications, such as poor pregnancy outcomes or multiple reproductive and fertility consequences, having adverse effects on mothers and their children. This research investigated the trend of consanguineous marriages and their association with women’s reproductive health and fertility behavior in Pakistan from 1990 to 2018. This study is based on secondary data analysis, using all four waves of the Pakistan Demographic Health Surveys carried out from 1990 to 2018. The analysis is limited to women aged 15–49 years, who had given birth in the previous five years preceding each survey. Sampling weights were calculated and subsequently weighted analysis was conducted. Descriptive statistics, bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were performed to determine the association of consanguinity with multiple characteristics related to socio-demographics, co-variates, and women’s reproductive health and fertility behaviors. The findings revealed a high but overall stable trend of consanguinity prevalence of about 63% during the last three decades. Consanguineous marriages were more prevalent amongst young and uneducated women, living in rural areas, with poorer wealth status and having less exposure to mass media to access information. A strong association of consanguinity was observed with women’s reproductive health and fertility behavior, particularly for women who gave first birth at a younger age, had multi-gravida pregnancies, multi-parity, pregnancy termination, ANC visits, and higher fertility. Consanguineous marriages are predominant in the patriarchal society of Pakistan. Findings revealed that consanguinity contributes significantly to women’s reproductive health and fertility behaviors. Appropriate counseling, educational, and health promotional programs related to consanguinity should be designed and launched at the community level to raise awareness about risks towards women’s reproductive health and fertility.
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