The biology of fog: results from coastal Maine and Namib Desert reveal common drivers of fog microbial composition
The biology of fog: results from coastal Maine and Namib Desert reveal common drivers of fog microbial composition
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.045
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发表时间：
2019-01-10
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Weathers, Kathleen C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Evans, Sarah E.;Dueker, M. Elias;Weathers, Kathleen C.
雾为从沿海森林到内陆沙漠的各种系统提供水和养分。雾滴也可能含有细菌和真菌气溶胶，但我们对雾生物学的了解有限。使用元基因组学工具和培养，我们提供了两个雾占主导地位的地点的雾中真菌和细菌群落的独特观察：缅因州沿海(美国)和纳米布沙漠(纳米比亚)。这两个地点雾中的微生物群落是多样化的，与透明的气溶胶截然不同，并受到土壤和海洋来源的影响。这两个地点的雾中含有放线菌和浮游生物，通常与土壤和空气有关的门，但也含有与海洋环境有关的细菌分类群，包括蓝藻、海洋螺旋菌、新藻、假交替单胞菌和慢根瘤科。海洋对雾群落的影响在海岸附近最大，但在内陆50公里处的纳米布雾中仍然很明显。在这两个系统中，雾前和雾后气溶胶群落之间的差异表明，雾事件可以显著改变微生物气溶胶的多样性和组成。雾可能会增强运输微生物的生存能力，并促进它们的沉积，使雾生物学在以雾为主的环境中具有重要的生态意义。雾可能会将新物种引入陆地生态系统，包括人类和植物病原体，因此有必要进一步研究海洋和陆地系统之间这种重要的、未得到充分认识的空气生物学转移的驱动因素。(C)2018年作者。爱思唯尔出版公司(Elsevier B.V.)
Fog supplies water and nutrients to systems ranging from coastal forests to inland deserts. Fog droplets can also contain bacterial and fungal aerosols, but our understanding of fog biology is limited. Using metagenomic tools and culturing, we provide a unique look at fungal and bacterial communities in fog at two fog-dominated sites: coastal Maine (USA) and the Namib Desert (Namibia). Microbial communities in the fog at both sites were diverse, distinct from clear aerosols, and influenced by both soil and marine sources. Fog from both sites contained Actinobacteria and Firmicutes, commonly soil- and air-associated phyla, but also contained bacterial taxa associated with marine environments including Cyanobacteria, Oceanospirillales, Novosphingobium, Pseudoalteromonas, and Bradyrhizobiaceae. Marine influence on fog communities was greatest near the coast, but still evident in Namib fogs 50 km inland. In both systems, differences between pre- and post-fog aerosol communities suggest that fog events can significantly alter microbial aerosol diversity and composition. Fog is likely to enhance viability of transported microbes and facilitate their deposition, making fog biology ecologically important in fog-dominated environments. Fog may introduce novel species to terrestrial ecosystems, including human and plant pathogens, warranting further work on the drivers of this important and underrecognized aerobiological transfer between marine and terrestrial systems. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.