Solar PV Power Potential is Greatest Over Croplands
Solar PV Power Potential is Greatest Over Croplands
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-019-47803-3
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发表时间：
2019-08-07
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Higgins, Chad W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Adeh, Elnaz H.;Good, Stephen P.;Higgins, Chad W.
太阳能有潜力抵消全球不可再生电力需求的很大一部分，但如果部署到这一水平，它可能会占据广泛的区域。人们越来越担心，大型可再生能源设施将取代其他土地用途。未来的太阳能发电设施应该放在哪里，以实现最高的能源生产和最佳利用有限的土地资源？这项工作的前提是，太阳能电池板的效率是其所处位置的小气候的函数。目前的研究在很大程度上忽略了影响光伏电池板功能的许多环境因素。太阳能电池板效率的模型包含了太阳能电池板小气候的影响，该模型是从基本原理推导出来的，并通过现场观测进行了验证。结果表明，太阳能电池板的效率受太阳辐射、空气温度、风速和相对湿度的影响。该模型被全球应用，使用经过偏差校正的再分析数据集来绘制太阳能电池板效率图和给定当地条件的太阳能发电潜力图。太阳能发电潜力是根据当地土地覆盖分类进行分类的，其中农田的太阳能潜力中值最大，约为28W/m(2)。农伏两用系统的潜力可能会缓解土地竞争或其他太阳能发展的空间限制，为未来的能源可持续性创造一个重要的机会。即使只有不到1%的农田被转换为农伏系统，全球能源需求也将被太阳能发电所抵消。
Solar energy has the potential to offset a significant fraction of non-renewable electricity demands globally, yet it may occupy extensive areas when deployed at this level. There is growing concern that large renewable energy installations will displace other land uses. Where should future solar power installations be placed to achieve the highest energy production and best use the limited land resource? The premise of this work is that the solar panel efficiency is a function of the location's microclimate within which it is immersed. Current studies largely ignore many of the environmental factors that influence Photovoltaic (PV) panel function. A model for solar panel efficiency that incorporates the influence of the panel's microclimate was derived from first principles and validated with field observations. Results confirm that the PV panel efficiency is influenced by the insolation, air temperature, wind speed and relative humidity. The model was applied globally using bias-corrected reanalysis datasets to map solar panel efficiency and the potential for solar power production given local conditions. Solar power production potential was classified based on local land cover classification, with croplands having the greatest median solar potential of approximately 28 W/m(2). The potential for dual-use, agrivoltaic systems may alleviate land competition or other spatial constraints for solar power development, creating a significant opportunity for future energy sustainability. Global energy demand would be offset by solar production if even less than 1% of cropland were converted to an agrivoltaic system.