Two-year-olds' expectation that lexical gaps will be filled*

Two-year-olds' expectation that lexical gaps will be filled*
复制标题

两岁孩子对词汇空白得到填补的期望*

DOI:
--
复制
发表时间:
2002
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
W. Merriman
W. Merriman
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nausheen Momen;W. Merriman

文献摘要

参考文献

被引文献

相似文献

孩子们倾向于选择不熟悉的而不是熟悉的名字作为新名字的指称。有些人假设,这种倾向是由于人们期望不熟悉的种类会被贴上标签。在研究1中,当两岁奥尔兹(N = 16)必须决定一个陌生物体的可见图片或隐藏在盒子里的描绘物体是否是一个新名字的所指时,几乎没有证据表明这种期望。他们倾向于在做出选择之前打勾。这项测试之前有两个任务,第一个要求对熟悉的名字做出同样的决定,第二个强调不熟悉的物体作为“新事物”的地位。在研究2(N = 16)中,后一个任务被一个任务所取代,在这个任务中,幼儿必须决定不熟悉的种类是否比熟悉的种类更有可能成为新名字的指代物。在这次经历之后,参与者表现出适度强烈的期望,即不熟悉的种类将被标记。在研究3(N = 60)中,重复了这一发现。在另外两种情况下,测试之前的任务被替换为直接教授陌生种类的新名称。这些群体对词汇空缺的填补几乎没有期望。虽然结果是兼容的词汇空缺填补假说的限制形式,他们不支持广泛的形式,已经提出了一些理论家。
Children tend to select unfamiliar rather than familiar kinds as the referents of novel names. This tendency has been hypothesized by some to derive from an expectation that unfamiliar kinds will be labelled. In Study 1, two-year-olds (N = 16) showed little evidence of such an expectation when they had to decide whether a visible picture of an unfamiliar object or a depicted object concealed in a box was the referent of a novel name. They tended to check the box before making a selection. This test was preceded by two tasks, the first requiring the same type of decision about familiar names and the second highlighting the status of unfamiliar objects as ‘new kinds of things’. In Study 2 (N = 16), the latter task was replaced by one in which toddlers had to decide whether unfamiliar kinds were more likely than familiar kinds to be the referents of novel names. After this experience, participants showed a moderately strong expectation that unfamiliar kinds would be labelled. In Study 3 (N = 60) this finding was replicated. In two other conditions, the task that preceded the test was replaced with direct teaching of novel names for unfamiliar kinds. These groups showed little expectation that lexical gaps would be filled. Although results are compatible with a restricted form of the lexical gap filling hypothesis, they do not support the broad form that has been advanced by some theorists.
幼儿消除对象名称引用的歧义。
DOI: --
发表时间: 1991
期刊: Child development
影响因子: 4.6
作者:
Merriman,WE;Schuster,JM
通讯作者: Schuster,JM
两岁的孩子很容易学习同一基本级别类别的多个标签。
DOI: --
发表时间: 1994
期刊: Child development
影响因子: 4.6
作者:
Mervis,CB;Golinkoff,RM;Bertrand,J
通讯作者: Bertrand,J
为了应对学习新名字而限制熟悉的名字:两岁小孩相互排斥偏见的证据。
DOI: --
发表时间: 1997
期刊: Child development.
影响因子: --
作者:
Merriman,WE;Stevenson,CM
通讯作者: Stevenson,CM
新名称的获得——无名范畴(N3C)原理。
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1994.tb00840.x
发表时间: 1994
期刊: Child development
影响因子: 4.6
作者:
Mervis,CB;Bertrand,J
通讯作者: Bertrand,J
患有唐氏综合症的幼儿获得了新的有名-无名类别(N3C)原则。
DOI: --
发表时间: 1995
期刊: American journal of mental retardation : AJMR.
影响因子: --
作者:
Mervis,CB;Bertrand,J
通讯作者: Bertrand,J