Assessing inter-individual differences with task-related functional neuroimaging
Assessing inter-individual differences with task-related functional neuroimaging
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DOI：
10.1038/s41562-019-0681-8
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发表时间：
2019-09-01
影响因子：
29.9
通讯作者：
Palminteri, Stefano
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lebreton, Mael;Bavard, Sophie;Palminteri, Stefano
解释和预测由临床和社会因素引起的个体行为差异是神经影像学最有前途的应用之一。在这个角度，我们讨论的理论和统计基础的个体间差异的分析任务相关的功能性神经影像。利用为期五年的文献综述（2013年7月至2018年），我们发现研究人员经常评估由感兴趣的变量引起的激活在个体之间的差异。我们认为，这种分析的理由，通常在资源理论的基础上，提供了一个过大的分析和解释的灵活性，破坏了他们的有效性。我们还记得，在一般线性模型的既定框架中，个体间的行为差异可以作为隐藏的调节因子，并虚假地诱导激活差异。最后，我们提出了一系列的建议和方向，我们希望这将有助于提高统计有效性和任务相关的功能神经影像学个体间差异分析的神经生物学解释。
Explaining and predicting individual behavioural differences induced by clinical and social factors constitutes one of the most promising applications of neuroimaging. In this Perspective, we discuss the theoretical and statistical foundations of the analyses of inter-individual differences in task-related functional neuroimaging. Leveraging a five-year literature review (July 2013-2018), we show that researchers often assess how activations elicited by a variable of interest differ between individuals. We argue that the rationale for such analyses, typically grounded in resource theory, offers an over-large analytical and interpretational flexibility that undermines their validity. We also recall how, in the established framework of the general linear model, inter-individual differences in behaviour can act as hidden moderators and spuriously induce differences in activations. We conclude with a set of recommendations and directions, which we hope will contribute to improving the statistical validity and the neurobiological interpretability of inter-individual difference analyses in task-related functional neuroimaging.