Phage infection of an environmentally relevant marine bacterium alters host metabolism and lysate composition
Phage infection of an environmentally relevant marine bacterium alters host metabolism and lysate composition
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DOI：
10.1038/ismej.2013.216
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
11
通讯作者：
Buchan, Alison
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ankrah, Nana Yaw D.;May, Amanda L.;Buchan, Alison
病毒导致海洋微生物死亡，从而改变生物物种组成和系统生物地球化学。虽然已经确定宿主细胞为病毒复制提供代谢资源，但感染在全球水平上重塑宿主代谢的程度以及这种改变对病毒裂解后释放的细胞物质的影响尚不清楚。为了解决这一知识空白，使用多种技术，包括液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）代谢组学，研究了玫瑰噬噬体感染的亚硫酸盐杆菌2047的生长动力学、代谢和细胞外裂解物。对颗粒生物量中封存的碳和氮总量的定量估计表明，噬菌体感染将B75%的营养物质重定向到病毒粒子中。在感染周期的7个时间点测量82种代谢物的细胞内浓度。到这一时期结束时，在感染人群中检测到的代谢物中有71%显著升高，基于稳定同位素的通量测量表明，这些细胞的代谢活性升高。与假设细胞外化合物因裂解而增加的简单假设模型相反，感染培养物的代谢物谱显示，与未感染对照相比，56种量化化合物中有470%在裂解物中浓度降低，这表明这些小而不稳定的营养物质正在被存活细胞利用。这些结果表明，病毒感染的细胞在生理上不同于未感染的细胞，这对微生物群落生态学和生物地球化学具有重要意义。
Viruses contribute to the mortality of marine microbes, consequentially altering biological species composition and system biogeochemistry. Although it is well established that host cells provide metabolic resources for virus replication, the extent to which infection reshapes host metabolism at a global level and the effect of this alteration on the cellular material released following viral lysis is less understood. To address this knowledge gap, the growth dynamics, metabolism and extracellular lysate of roseophage-infected Sulfitobacter sp. 2047 was studied using a variety of techniques, including liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based metabolomics. Quantitative estimates of the total amount of carbon and nitrogen sequestered into particulate biomass indicate that phage infection redirects B75% of nutrients into virions. Intracellular concentrations for 82 metabolites were measured at seven time points over the infection cycle. By the end of this period, 71% of the detected metabolites were significantly elevated in infected populations, and stable isotope-based flux measurements showed that these cells had elevated metabolic activity. In contrast to simple hypothetical models that assume that extracellular compounds increase because of lysis, a profile of metabolites from infected cultures showed that 470% of the 56 quantified compounds had decreased concentrations in the lysate relative to uninfected controls, suggesting that these small, labile nutrients were being utilized by surviving cells. These results indicate that virus-infected cells are physiologically distinct from their uninfected counterparts, which has implications for microbial community ecology and biogeochemistry.