The Oxford Handbook of European Union Law
The Oxford Handbook of European Union Law
复制标题
牛津欧盟法律手册
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199672646.013.23
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chalmers D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chalmers D
在有关自由流动的判例法中，法院定期就公司治理、工人保护和避税等方面的法律合法性作出判决。在建立自由的背景下，判例法已经发展到这样一种程度，即影响商业企业的跨州法律差异被视为自由流动的潜在障碍。然后，法院采用严格的比例检验，这使成员国有责任捍卫国家措施的目标和实现这些目标所使用的手段。因此，经济一体化获得了一种内在的去监管倾向。这与最初认为内部市场是提高社会标准、进行政策试验和学习的机会的概念相去甚远。我们认为，需要关注作为自由流动法不可避免的副产品的监管竞争，以更好地理解这些问题。
In the case law on free movement, the court regularly pronounces on the legality of laws in the context of corporate governance, worker protection and tax avoidance. In the context of freedom of establishment, the case law has evolved to the point where cross-state differences in laws affecting the business enterprise are seen as potential obstacles to free movement. The court then applies a strict proportionality test, which puts an onus on member states to defend the aims of national measures and the means used to achieve them. As a result, economic integration has acquired an inherently deregulatory bias. This is far removed from the original conception of the internal market as an opportunity for the levelling up of social standards and for policy experimentation and learning. We argue that a focus on regulatory competition as the inevitable by-product of free movement law is needed to better understand these issues.