High prevalence of Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale in co-infections with Plasmodium falciparum in asymptomatic malaria parasite carriers in southwestern Nigeria
High prevalence of Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale in co-infections with Plasmodium falciparum in asymptomatic malaria parasite carriers in southwestern Nigeria
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijpara.2021.06.003
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发表时间：
2022-01-04
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Culleton, Richard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Abdulraheem, Muhydeen Abiodun;Ernest, Medard;Culleton, Richard
无症状的疟疾寄生虫携带者不寻求抗疟疾治疗，可能构成一个沉默的传染源。为了评估高度流行地区青少年中无症状和有症状携带的水平，并确定与此类携带相关的风险因素，我们于2016年对位于尼日利亚西南部伊巴丹的8所学校的1032名青少年（10 - 19岁）进行了横断面调查。制备血膜和血斑滤纸样品用于显微镜和DNA分析。使用显微镜、快速诊断测试和聚合酶链反应对658个随机抽样的样本进行无症状疟疾流行率的测定。其中，我们发现，80%的无症状学童通过PCR检测疟疾寄生虫呈阳性，而通过快速诊断测试和显微镜检查分别为47%和9%。使用针对线粒体CoxIII基因的PCR进行疟疾寄生虫物种分型，并显示三日疟原虫（53%）和卵形疟原虫（24%）的高携带率。大多数无症状感染是两种或两种以上物种的合并感染（62%），其中恶性疟原虫+三日疟原虫最常见（35%），其次是恶性疟原虫+三日疟原虫+卵形疟原虫（21%）和恶性疟原虫+卵形疟原虫（6%）。恶性疟原虫、三日疟原虫和卵形疟原虫的单次感染分别占无症状感染的24%、10%和4%。为了比较无症状和有症状感染者的物种组成，2017年在先前抽样的一所学校和附近的一家医院进行了进一步的样本采集。虽然无症状感染的物种组成与2016年观察到的相似，但有症状的感染明显不同，91%的患者观察到恶性疟原虫单一感染，恶性疟原虫+三日疟原虫5%，恶性疟原虫+卵形疟原虫4%。(c)2021年澳大利亚寄生虫学会。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Asymptomatic malaria parasite carriers do not seek anti-malarial treatment and may constitute a silent infectious reservoir. In order to assess the level of asymptomatic and symptomatic carriage amongst ado-lescents in a highly endemic area, and to identify the risk factors associated with such carriage, we con-ducted a cross-sectional survey of 1032 adolescents (ages 10-19 years) from eight schools located in Ibadan, southwestern Nigeria in 2016. Blood films and blood spot filter paper samples were prepared for microscopy and DNA analysis. The prevalence of asymptomatic malaria was determined using micro-scopy, rapid diagnostic tests and PCR for 658 randomly selected samples. Of these, we found that 80% of asymptomatic schoolchildren were positive for malaria parasites by PCR, compared with 47% and 9%, determined by rapid diagnostic tests and microscopy, respectively. Malaria parasite species typing was performed using PCR targeting the mitochondrial CoxIII gene, and revealed high rates of carriage of Plasmodium malariae (53%) and Plasmodium ovale (24%). Most asymptomatic infections were co-infections of two or more species (62%), with Plasmodium falciparum + P. malariae the most common (35%), followed by P. falciparum + P. malariae + P. ovale (21%) and P. falciparum + P. ovale (6%). Single infec-tions of P. falciparum, P. malariae and P. ovale accounted for 24%, 10% and 4% of all asymptomatic infec-tions, respectively. To compare the species composition of asymptomatic and symptomatic infections, further sample collection was carried out in 2017 at one of the previously sampled schools, and at a nearby hospital. Whilst the species composition of the asymptomatic infections was similar to that observed in 2016, the symptomatic infections were markedly different, with single infections of P. falci-parum observed in 91% of patients, P. falciparum + P. malariae in 5% and P. falciparum + P. ovale in 4%. (c) 2021 Australian Society for Parasitology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.