Ultrafine microporous and mesoporous activated carbon fibers from alkali lignin
Ultrafine microporous and mesoporous activated carbon fibers from alkali lignin
复制标题
DOI：
10.1039/c3ta12538f
复制
发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
11.9
通讯作者：
Hsieh, You-Lo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu, Sixiao;Hsieh, You-Lo
通过静电纺丝主要由碱木质素（低磺酸盐含量）的水溶液，随后在850 ℃下在N-2下同时碳化和活化，已经成功地设计了一种简单且可持续的方法来制备超细（100-500 nm）高度多孔的活性炭纤维（ACF）。将聚环氧乙烷（PEO）载体与仅高达九分之一的木质素混合不仅能够有效地静电纺丝成纤维，而且在加热期间保持纤维结构，从而减轻了对单独的热稳定步骤的需要。用仅高达50%的木质素碳前体原位浸渍碱金属氢氧化物活化化学品，仅为用于制造活性炭颗粒的量的十分之一到四分之一，就允许在单个加热步骤中同时进行碳化和活化。通过改变碱金属氢氧化物的种类和含量，成功地制备了一系列以微孔为主到中孔为主的活性炭纤维，以获得上级比表面积（>1400 m2 g-1）和孔隙率（>0.7 cm 3 g-1）。这种简化的方法是稳健的，并且证明了在将容易获得的可再生碳前体木质素加工和转化为高度多孔的活性碳纤维中的可行性和多功能性。
A facile and sustainable approach has been successfully devised to fabricate ultrafine (100-500 nm) highly porous activated carbon fibers (ACFs) by electrospinning of aqueous solutions of predominantly alkali lignin (low sulfonate content) followed by simultaneous carbonization and activation at 850 degrees C under N-2. Incorporating a polyethylene oxide (PEO) carrier with only up to one ninth of lignin not only enabled efficient electrospinning into fibers but also retained fibrous structures during heating, alleviating the need for a separate thermal stabilization step. In situ impregnation of alkali hydroxide activating chemicals with only up to 50% of the lignin carbon precursor, i.e., merely one tenth to one quarter of the quantities used in manufacturing activated carbon particulates, allowed simultaneous carbonization and activation in a single heating step. A range of micropore-dominant to mesopore-dominant ACFs were successfully fabricated to achieve superior specific surface (>1400 m(2) g(-1)) and porosity (>0.7 cm(3) g(-1)) tuned by varying the type and contents of alkali hydroxides. This streamlined approach was robust and demonstrated the feasibility and versatility in processing and converting a readily available renewable carbon precursor, lignin, into highly porous activated carbon fibers.