Diet choice exaggerates food hoarding, intake and pup survival across reproduction.
Diet choice exaggerates food hoarding, intake and pup survival across reproduction.
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饮食选择夸大了食物的囤积、摄入量和幼崽在繁殖过程中的存活率。
DOI：
10.1016/s0031-9384(01)00655-2
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Bartness,TimothyJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Day,DianeE;Mintz,EricM;Bartness,TimothyJ
西伯利亚仓鼠在怀孕和哺乳期间增加食物摄入量和囤积，可能是为了弥补身体脂肪的大量减少（约50%）。我们测试了饮食选择对这些反应的影响，在怀孕，哺乳和处女仓鼠住在一个模拟的洞穴系统。向仓鼠提供颗粒饲料（PC）或向日葵籽（SS）、兔饲料（RC）和PC。怀孕或哺乳期的PC喂养仓鼠增加了食物摄入量和囤积的大小相比，处女，影响夸大饮食自我选择。妊娠引起的体重增加和哺乳引起的体重减少分别被饮食自我选择增强和减弱。怀孕的自选仓鼠吃了相对更多的碳水化合物和更少的脂肪，并囤积了更少的碳水化合物和更多的脂肪比他们的处女同行（蛋白质不受影响）。哺乳期和处女自选仓鼠都吃和囤积相对更多的碳水化合物比蛋白质或脂肪相比，PC喂养的仓鼠，但没有彼此不同。窝仔和幼犬的大小在出生时相似，但从自我选择的母亲的幼崽脂质含量下降（50%）相比，从PC喂养的母亲的幼崽，而在断奶时，他们更重，但不胖。只有哺乳期PC喂养的母亲才会同类相食其幼崽（0.60%被吃掉，8/10窝幼崽）。妊娠引起的饮食增加和碳水化合物的囤积可能有助于满足直接的能量需求，从而节省了不断减少的脂质储备，而胎儿脂质投资减少可能有助于节省能量，以满足预期的哺乳期需求增加。饮食诱导的过度热量摄入和食物囤积的大小哺乳仓鼠可能促进了幼崽的生长和生存。
Siberian hamsters increase food intake and hoarding during pregnancy and lactation, perhaps to compensate for large decreases in body fat (∼50%). We tested the effects of diet choice on these responses in pregnant, lactating and virgin hamsters housed in a simulated burrow system. Hamsters were offered pellet chow (PC) or a choice of sunflower seeds (SS), rabbit chow (RC) and PC. Pregnant or lactating PC-fed hamsters had increased food intake and hoard size compared with virgins, effects exaggerated by diet self-selection. The pregnancy-induced increases and lactation-induced decreases in body mass were enhanced and diminished by diet self-selection, respectively. Pregnant self-selecting hamsters ate relatively more carbohydrate and less fat and hoarded less carbohydrate and more fat than their virgin counterparts (protein not affected). Lactating and virgin self-selecting hamsters both ate and hoarded relatively more carbohydrate than protein or fat compared with PC-fed hamsters but were not different from each other. Litter and pup sizes were similar at birth, but pups from self-selecting mothers had decreased lipid content (50%) compared with pups from PC-fed mothers, whereas at weaning they were heavier but not fatter. Only lactating PC-fed mothers cannibalized their pups (∼60% eaten, 8/10 litters). The pregnancy-induced increased eating and hoarding of carbohydrate may have helped meet immediate energy needs sparing dwindling lipid reserves, whereas the decreased fetal lipid investment may have helped conserve energy in anticipation of the increased demands of lactation. The diet-induced exaggerated caloric intake and food hoard size of lactating hamsters may have promoted pup growth and survival.