DRUG-ABUSE IN PRE-REVOLUTIONARY AND POST-REVOLUTIONARY IRAN
DRUG-ABUSE IN PRE-REVOLUTIONARY AND POST-REVOLUTIONARY IRAN
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DOI：
10.1080/02791072.1981.10471449
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发表时间：
1981-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
SPENCER, CP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
AGAHI, C;SPENCER, CP
伊朗的毒品滥用问题，除了其本身的利益外，还应引起国际社会的关注，原因有二：第一，伊朗地处世界主要鸦片种植区之一，当地的使用和控制模式与国际贩运活动的情况密不可分；第二，伊朗最近的伊斯兰革命提供了一个关于管制工作的假设的检验案例，此前许多关于种植和消费鸦片的规定已经放松。尽管几个世纪以来，伊朗在该地区的鸦片生产和分配中一直很重要，但几位作者认为，当地的成瘾问题直到19世纪第三季度才开始(例如，Fozouni和Siassi，1978年)。必须从当代居民和外国旅行者(例如，19世纪80年代的一位旅行者，1893年的布朗)的叙述中引证这一时期问题的严重程度。鸦片和大麻(作为大麻)在医疗、社会和宗教方面的用途，以前似乎与很少上瘾有关，但在20世纪初，有报道称上瘾很普遍，到20世纪50年代，政府估计上瘾人数超过150万(其中98%依赖鸦片或燃烧鸦片产生的残渣)。
The abuse of drugs in Iran, in addition to its intrinsic interest, should also be of concern internationally for two reasons: first, that located in one of the world's major opium-growing areas, local patterns of usage and control cannot be separated from accounts of international trafficking; second, its recent Islamic revolution provides a test case of assumptions about the working of controls, following the relaxation of many of the former regulations of growing and consuming opium. Although Iran has been important for many centuries in the region's production and distribution of opium, several authors argue that the local problem of addiction started as recently as the third quarter of the nineteenth century (e. g., Fozouni & Siassi 1978). Evidence of the extent of the problem at this period has to be adduced from the accounts of contemporary residents and from foreign travellers (eg, a traveller during the 1880s, Browne 1893). Opium and cannabis (as hashish), in their medicinal, social and religious uses, had apparently been previously associated with little addiction, but early in the twentieth century there are reports of Widespread addiction and by the 1950s government estimates put the number of addicts at over 1.5 million (98 percent of whom were dependent on opium or the dross derived from burnt opium).