Effects of moderate variations in the macronutrient content of the diet on cardiovascular disease risk factors in obese patients with the metabolic syndrome
Effects of moderate variations in the macronutrient content of the diet on cardiovascular disease risk factors in obese patients with the metabolic syndrome
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DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/86.4.946
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发表时间：
2007-10-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Branchi, Adriana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Muzio, Fulvio;Mondazzi, Luca;Branchi, Adriana
背景：代谢综合征是一组伴随心血管疾病风险增加2倍的异常。即使人们完全同意改变生活方式以减轻体重是治疗代谢综合征的首选方法，但治疗代谢综合征的理想饮食仍不确定。目的：本研究的目的是比较两种饮食对肥胖代谢综合征患者心血管疾病危险因素的影响。设计：这项研究在100名患者中进行，这些患者被随机分配到相对富含碳水化合物的饮食中[65%的能量为碳水化合物，13%为蛋白质，22%为脂肪（17%为不饱和脂肪）]或低碳水化合物高蛋白和单不饱和脂肪饮食[48%的能量为碳水化合物，19%为蛋白质，33%为脂肪（24%为不饱和脂肪）]。在研究结束时，两组代谢综合征的所有成分（除了HDL，没有变化）都显著下降。在高碳水化合物饮食的情况下，还观察到LDL-胆固醇浓度显著降低。虽然代谢综合征的缓解程度在各组之间没有差异，但低碳水化合物饮食与高血压（P <0.05）和高甘油三酯血症（P <0.001）患病率的显著降低相关。结论：针对代谢综合征的具体表现进行饮食干预可能是降低心血管疾病危险因素的最佳方法。
Background: The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of abnormalities that is accompanied by a 2-fold increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease. Even if there is full agreement that lifestyle changes to induce weight loss are the first-line approach, the ideal diet for the treatment of the metabolic syndrome remains uncertain.Objective: The objective was to compare the effects of 2 diets on cardiovascular disease risk factors in obese patients with the metabolic syndrome.Design: The study was carried out in 100 patients randomly assigned to either a diet relatively rich in carbohydrate [65% of energy as carbohydrate, 13% as protein, and 22% as fat (17% as unsaturated fat)] or a diet that was low in carbohydrate and high in protein and in monounsaturated fat [48% of energy as carbohydrate, 19% as protein, and 33% as fat (24% as unsaturated fat)].Results: All 100 patients completed the 5-mo study. At the end of the study, all the components of the metabolic syndrome (except HDL, which did not change) decreased significantly in both groups. With the high-carbohydrate diet, a significant decrease in LDL-cholesterol concentrations was also observed. Although the extent of the resolution of the metabolic syndrome was not different between groups, the low-carbohydrate diet was associated with a greater decrease in the prevalence of hypertension (P < 0.05) and of hypertriacylglycerolemia (P < 0.001).Conclusion: Tailoring diet interventions to the specific presentation of the metabolic syndrome may be the best way of reducing the risk factors for cardiovascular disease.