How Taxol/paclitaxel kills cancer cells.
How Taxol/paclitaxel kills cancer cells.
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DOI：
10.1091/mbc.e14-04-0916
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发表时间：
2014-09-15
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Weaver BA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Weaver BA
紫杉醇（学名紫杉醇）是一种微管稳定药物，经食品和药物管理局批准用于治疗卵巢癌、乳腺癌和肺癌以及卡波西肉瘤。除了肉瘤、淋巴瘤和白血病外，它还用于标签外治疗胃食管癌、子宫内膜癌、宫颈癌、前列腺癌和头颈癌。长期以来，紫杉醇被认为诱导有丝分裂停滞，这导致细胞死亡的一个子集的被捕的人口。然而，最近的证据表明，紫杉醇的肿瘤内浓度太低，导致有丝分裂停滞，而不是导致多极分裂。希望这种见解现在可以用来开发一种生物标志物，以确定将从紫杉醇治疗中受益的50%的患者。在这里，我讨论了紫杉醇的历史和我们最近对其作用机制的理解。
Taxol (generic name paclitaxel) is a microtubule-stabilizing drug that is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of ovarian, breast, and lung cancer, as well as Kaposi's sarcoma. It is used off-label to treat gastroesophageal, endometrial, cervical, prostate, and head and neck cancers, in addition to sarcoma, lymphoma, and leukemia. Paclitaxel has long been recognized to induce mitotic arrest, which leads to cell death in a subset of the arrested population. However, recent evidence demonstrates that intratumoral concentrations of paclitaxel are too low to cause mitotic arrest and result in multipolar divisions instead. It is hoped that this insight can now be used to develop a biomarker to identify the ∼50% of patients that will benefit from paclitaxel therapy. Here I discuss the history of paclitaxel and our recently evolved understanding of its mechanism of action.