A synopsis of factors regulating beta cell development and beta cell mass.
A synopsis of factors regulating beta cell development and beta cell mass.
复制标题
调节 β 细胞发育和 β 细胞质量的因素概要。
DOI：
10.1007/s00018-016-2231-0
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gittes,George
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Prasadan,Krishna;Shiota,Chiyo;Xiangwei,Xiao;Ricks,David;Fusco,Joseph;Gittes,George
内分泌胰腺中分泌胰岛素的β细胞调节血糖水平，功能性β细胞的丧失导致胰岛素缺乏、高血糖症（高血糖）和糖尿病。目前1型（自身免疫性）糖尿病的治疗策略是胰岛移植，这具有显著的风险和局限性，或者用胰岛素注射使血糖正常化，这显然是不理想的。1型患者可能缺乏胰岛素反调节机制;因此，低血糖是一种潜在风险。因此，基于细胞的治疗为糖尿病的治疗提供了更好的选择。过去的研究集中在试图从干细胞产生替代β细胞;然而，最近人们越来越感兴趣的是确定将导致预先存在的分化内分泌细胞转化为β细胞的机制。这篇综述的目的是提供一个概述的几个关键因素，调节新的β细胞形成（新生）和β细胞增殖。
The insulin-secreting beta cells in the endocrine pancreas regulate blood glucose levels, and loss of functional beta cells leads to insulin deficiency, hyperglycemia (high blood glucose) and diabetes mellitus. Current treatment strategies for type-1 (autoimmune) diabetes are islet transplantation, which has significant risks and limitations, or normalization of blood glucose with insulin injections, which is clearly not ideal. The type-1 patients can lack insulin counter-regulatory mechanism; therefore, hypoglycemia is a potential risk. Hence, a cell-based therapy offers a better alternative for the treatment of diabetes. Past research was focused on attempting to generate replacement beta cells from stem cells; however, recently there has been an increasing interest in identifying mechanisms that will lead to the conversion of pre-existing differentiated endocrine cells into beta cells. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of several of the key factors that regulate new beta cell formation (neogenesis) and beta cell proliferation.