Modernisation, Culture and Part-Time Employment: The Example of Finland and West Germany
Modernisation, Culture and Part-Time Employment: The Example of Finland and West Germany
复制标题
现代化、文化和兼职就业：芬兰和西德的例子
DOI：
10.1177/095001709373003
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发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
B. Pfau
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Pfau
该文件讨论了如何解释欧洲各国妇女非全时就业率的差异。与通常的解释相反，本文强调了各自国家在关于主要家庭和融合模式的性别契约方面的文化特性的重要性，个人和机构在其取向和行为中提到了这一点。从社会历史的角度来看，这些差异是由现代化进程中从农业社会向工业社会转变的具体情况造成的，说明了为什么每个国家都发展了不同的家庭和融合模式。工业化发生的形式、哪个社会阶级在文化上主导转型过程以及是否存在文化连续性或不连续性等问题，对于家庭模式的跨国差异和当今女性的劳动力市场行为非常重要。
The paper discusses how differences between European countries in the rate of part-time employment among women can be explained. In contrast to the usual explanations, the paper emphasises the importance of cultural specificities in the respective countries with respect to the gender contract on the main family and integration model to which individuals as well as institutions refer in their orientations and behaviour. The differences are explained socio-historically by the specificities in the process of modernisation when transforming from an agrarian to an industrial society, showing why in each country a different family and integration model developed. Questions as to the form in which industrialisation occurred, which societal class dominated the transformation process culturally, and whether there was a cultural continuity or discontinuity, are important for cross-national differences in the family model and for the labour market behaviour of women today.