The coastal migration theory: Formulation and testable hypotheses
The coastal migration theory: Formulation and testable hypotheses
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DOI：
10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106605
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发表时间：
2020-12-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Madsen, David B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davis, Loren G.;Madsen, David B.
在北美冰盖无冰走廊开放之前和以南的美洲存在有据可查的遗址，这为解释美洲最初人类迁徙路线的太平洋沿海移民理论（CMT）提供了可信度。这一理论已经被非正式地讨论了 50 多年，但直到最近，它还基本上被忽视，并且从未得到正确的定义。我们提供了 CMT 的正式定义，简单地说，旧石器时代晚期的人口在大约 45-30ka 之间从亚洲迁移到西北太平洋沿岸的沿海地区。到大约 30ka 时，这些沿海种群发展出了一种混合的海洋、近岸和陆地适应能力，包括使用船只、贝壳鱼钩进行深水捕鱼，以及带柄点和大刀片核心技术。大约 25-24 ka，这些沿海种群的一个子集在日本/古北海道、萨加林岛、千岛群岛 (PSHK) 地区附近的某个地方被隔离，从基因上发展成为最终定居美洲的古代美洲原住民 (ANA) 种群。大约在22-16ka之间，这些ANA人开始沿着白令海峡南部海岸步行和乘船迁徙，沿着阿拉斯加和加拿大海岸线进入大陆冰盖以南的美洲，然后最终向内陆扩张。我们提出了一系列可检验的假设，通过这些假设可以检验 CMT。 (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
The presence of well-documented sites in the Americas predating and south of the opening of an ice-free corridor in the North American ice sheets lends credence to a Pacific coastal migration theory (CMT) explaining the route for the initial peopling of the Americas. This theory has been informally discussed for more than 50 years, but until recently, has been largely ignored and never properly defined as a result. We provide a formal definition of the CMT which, briefly stated, is that Upper Paleolithic populations moved from Asia to coastal regions along the northwestern Pacific Rim between similar to 45-30 ka. By similar to 30 ka these coastal populations developed a mixed maritime, nearshore, and terrestrial adaptation involving the use of boats, shell fishhooks for deep-water fishing, and a stemmed point and macroblade core technology. About 25-24 ka a subset of these coastal populations became isolated somewhere in the vicinity of the Japan/Paleo-Hokkaido, Sahkalin, Kuril (PSHK) region, developing genetically into the ancient Native American (ANA) populations that eventually settled the Americas. Between similar to 22-16 ka these ANA people began migrating by foot and boat along the southern Beringian coast and down the Alaskan and Canadian coastline into the Americas south of the continental ice sheets before eventually expanding inland. We develop a series of testable hypotheses through which the CMT can be examined. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.