I See Dead µops: Leaking Secrets via Intel/AMD Micro-Op Caches

I See Dead µops: Leaking Secrets via Intel/AMD Micro-Op Caches
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我看到死微操作:通过 Intel/AMD 微操作缓存泄露秘密

DOI:
10.1109/isca52012.2021.00036
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
2021 ACM/IEEE 48th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Venkat, Ashish
Venkat, Ashish
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ren, Xida;Moody, Logan;Taram, Mohammadkazem;Jordan, Matthew;Tullsen, Dean M.;Venkat, Ashish

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现代的英特尔、AMD和ARM处理器将复杂的指令转换为更简单的内部微操作,然后将这些内部微操作缓存到称为微操作缓存的专用芯片结构中。这项工作对微操作缓存进行了深入的表征研究,对许多未记录的功能进行了反向工程,并进一步描述了利用微操作缓存作为传输秘密信息的定时通道的攻击。具体地说,本文描述了三种攻击-(1)跨用户内核边界泄漏秘密的同一线程跨域攻击,(2)通过微操作高速缓存跨两个SMT线程传输秘密的跨SMT线程攻击,以及(3)瞬时执行攻击,该攻击具有泄漏沿错误推测路径访问的未授权秘密的能力,甚至在瞬时指令被分派给执行之前,破坏了几种现有的基于不可见推测和围栏的解决方案,以缓解Spectre。
Modern Intel, AMD, and ARM processors translate complex instructions into simpler internal micro-ops that are then cached in a dedicated on-chip structure called the micro-op cache. This work presents an in-depth characterization study of the micro-op cache, reverse-engineering many undocumented features, and further describes attacks that exploit the micro-op cache as a timing channel to transmit secret information. In particular, this paper describes three attacks – (1) a same thread cross-domain attack that leaks secrets across the user-kernel boundary, (2) a cross-SMT thread attack that transmits secrets across two SMT threads via the micro-op cache, and (3) transient execution attacks that have the ability to leak an unauthorized secret accessed along a misspeculated path, even before the transient instruction is dispatched to execution, breaking several existing invisible speculation and fencing-based solutions that mitigate Spectre.
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