3,6,7-Triamino-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4]triazole: A Non-toxic, High-Performance Energetic Building Block with Excellent Stability
3,6,7-Triamino-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4]triazole: A Non-toxic, High-Performance Energetic Building Block with Excellent Stability
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DOI：
10.1002/chem.201500982
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发表时间：
2015-06-15
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Stierstorfer, Joerg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Klapoetke, Thomas M.;Schmid, Philipp C.;Stierstorfer, Joerg
提出了一种利用稠合氨基取代的三氮唑作为含能构件设计含能材料的新策略。3，6，7-triamino-7H-[1，2，4]triazolo[4，3-b][1，2，4]triazolium(TATOT)基元可以与许多离子、富氮材料形成盐，具有对物理或机械刺激非常高的稳定性、出色的计算爆速以及足够低的毒性，足以使它们成为绿色炸药。中性TATOT的合成方法简单，成本低廉，产率较高。为了证明TATOT的优异性能，合成了13个离子衍生物，并对它们的化学性质和物理化学性质(如对撞击、摩擦和静电放电的敏感性)进行了广泛的研究。中性TATOT及其硝酸盐毒性较低。两者对冲击和摩擦都不敏感，硝酸盐结合了出色的热稳定性(分解温度=280摄氏度)和有希望的计算能量值。
A novel strategy for the design of energetic materials that uses fused amino-substituted triazoles as energetic building blocks is presented. The 3,6,7-triamino-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4]triazolium (TATOT) motif can be incorporated into many ionic, nitrogen-rich materials to form salts with advantages such as remarkably high stability towards physical or mechanical stimuli, excellent calculated detonation velocity, and toxicity low enough to qualify them as green explosives. Neutral TATOT can be synthesized in a convenient and inexpensive two-step protocol in high yield. To demonstrate the superior properties of TATOT, 13 ionic derivatives were synthesized and their chemical- and physicochemical properties (e.g., sensitivities towards impact, friction and electrostatic discharge) were investigated extensively. Low toxicity was demonstrated for neutral TATOT and its nitrate salt. Both are insensitive towards impact and friction and the nitrate salt combines outstanding thermal stability (decomposition temperature=280 degrees C) with promising calculated energetic values.