Employment status and use of respiratory protection among metalworkers, solderers and welders.
Employment status and use of respiratory protection among metalworkers, solderers and welders.
复制标题
金属工人、焊工和电焊工的就业状况和呼吸防护装置的使用。
DOI：
10.1136/oem.2006.031195
复制
发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Kogevinas,Manolis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mirabelli,MariaC;Zock,Jan-Paul;Plana,Estel;Benke,Geza;Kromhout,Hans;Norback,Dan;Olivieri,Mario;Radon,Katja;Villani,Simona;Kogevinas,Manolis
目的：据报道，自营职业与职业伤害和脑血管疾病之间的关联表明，工人的安全和健康预防措施可能因职业状况而异。作者在一项国际研究中评估了成人中呼吸防护和通气设备的使用与个体经营者和雇员身份的相关程度。 方法：欧洲共同体呼吸健康调查 II (ECRHS II) 是一项针对成人 ECRHS I 参与者的基于人群的随机样本进行的后续研究。参加 ECRHS II 的男性和女性完成了由访谈员管理的调查问卷，以提供有关他们在 9 年 ECRHS 随访期间的职业状况和工作经历的信息。选定职业群体的受访者完成了有关其工作以及在工作中呼吸防护和通气设备使用情况的补充调查问卷。作者评估了 72 名个体经营者和 371 名从事金属加工、钎焊和电焊职业的成年人自我报告的呼吸和通气设备使用情况。 结果：局部排气通风（固定抽气：OR 0.37，95% CI 0.17 至 0.80；移动抽气：OR 0.23，95% CI 0.09 至 0.60；工具上抽气：OR 0.39，95% CI 0.18 至 0.88）在个体经营者受访者中的报告频率低于受雇受访者。自营职业状态与三种类型的局部排气通气中的任何一种之间的负相关程度并没有通过调整每天或每周的工作时间或哮喘和/或喘息症状而减弱。在这些数据中，呼吸防护与就业状况无关。 结论：与雇员相比，自营职业者对局部排气通风的使用更为有限，这表明有必要促进自营职业者的职业安全。
Objectives:Reported associations of self-employment with occupational injury and cerebrovascular disease suggest that worker safety and health precautions may vary by occupational status. The authors assessed the extent to which use of respiratory protection and ventilation equipment is associated with self-employed versus employee status among adults in an international study.Methods:The European Community Respiratory Health Survey II (ECRHS II) is a follow-up study conducted in a population-based random sample of adult ECRHS I participants. Men and women enrolled in the ECRHS II completed interviewer-administered questionnaires to provide information about their occupational status and job history during the 9-year ECRHS follow-up period. Respondents in selected occupational groups completed supplemental questionnaires about their jobs and use of respiratory protection and ventilation equipment on-the-job. The authors assessed self-reported use of respiratory and ventilation equipment among 72 self-employed and 371 employed adults in metalworking, soldering and welding occupations.Results:Local exhaust ventilation (fixed extraction: OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.80; mobile extraction: OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.60; on-tool extraction: OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.88) was reported less frequently among self-employed respondents than among employed respondents. The magnitude of the negative association between self-employment status and any of the three types of local exhaust ventilation was not attenuated by adjustment for duration of work per day or week or asthma and/or wheezing symptoms. Respiratory protection was not associated with employment status in these data.Conclusions:More limited use of local exhaust ventilation among self-employed workers compared to employees suggests the need to promote occupational safety among self-employed workers.