Sulfurization of Cu-In particles in Aqueous Solution
Sulfurization of Cu-In particles in Aqueous Solution
复制标题
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2016-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hugo Erawan;S. Yokoyama;Hideyuki Takahashi;K. Tohji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hugo Erawan;S. Yokoyama;Hideyuki Takahashi;K. Tohji
1.背景铜铟镓硒（CIGS）太阳能电池是非常有利的太阳能电池。CIGS太阳能电池可以实现高效率，使用少量材料（薄膜），并且可以沉积在柔性基板上[1][2]。作为高效器件的主要制造工艺的共蒸发具有一些缺点，例如难以控制，需要高温和浪费材料[2][3]，基于非真空颗粒的工艺是共蒸发的可能的更简单和更便宜的替代方案，其中颗粒可以通过例如印刷的方法直接沉积到基底上[3]。在我们的实验室中，铜铟（Cu-In）纳米粒子已被合成为印刷太阳能电池的前体。然而，到目前为止，通过使用高毒性的H2Se气体在高于500 ℃的温度下进行硒化是获得CuInSe 2相所必需的。在这个实验中，我们尝试用水溶液中的过程代替有毒气体硒化过程。由于硒是剧毒物质，我们首先关注硫化而不是硒化。目标是获得铜铟硫化物（CuInS）相。2.通过在水溶液中与硫离子混合来硫化实验合成的Cu-In NPs。使用硫化钠（Na 2S）作为硫离子源。3.结果和讨论在50 ℃下用0.5 M Na 2S溶液硫化显示出一些相变，可能变成硫化铜（Cu 31 S16）。在5小时的反应时间，颗粒中的铟浓度非常低，这可能是因为它已经形成硫化铟（In 2S 3），硫化铟随后溶解在溶液中。为了防止铟的泄漏，采用饱和In 2S 3的Na 2S溶液进行硫化。在颗粒中保留较高的铟浓度，然而，没有观察到CIS相。
1. Background Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS) solar cells are very advantageous solar cells. CIGS solar cells can achieve high efficiency, uses a small amount of material (thin film), and can be deposited on flexible substrates [1][2]. Co-evaporation as the main manufacturing process for high efficiency devices has some disadvantages such as being difficult to control, requiring high temperature and wasting materials [2][3], Non-vacuum particulate based process is a possible simpler and cheaper alternative to co-evaporation where particles can be directly deposited on to a substrate by methods such as printing [3]. In our laboratory, copper indium (Cu-In) nanoparticles have been synthesized as precursor for printing solar cells. However, up to this point, selenization by using highly toxic H2Se gas at temperature higher than 500C is necessary to obtain CuInSe2 phase. In this experiment, we try to replace the toxic gas selenization process by a process in aqueous solution. Because selenium is highly toxic material, we focus on sulfurization first instead of selenization. The goal is to obtain copper indium sulfide (CuInS) phase. 2. Experimental Synthesized Cu-In NPs was sulfurized by mixing in aqueous solution with sulfur ions. Sodium sulfide (Na2S) was used as sulfur ion source. 3. Result and Discussion Sulfurization with 0.5 M Na2S solution at 50C showed some phase change into possibly copper sulfide (Cu31S16). At 5 hours reaction time indium concentration in the particles was very low, possibly because it had formed indium sulfide (In2S3) which was subsequently dissolved in the solution. To prevent indium leaking out, Na2S solution saturated with In2S3 was used for sulfurization. Higher indium concentration was retained in the particles, however, no CIS phase has been observed.