INCIDENCE OF ASTHMA IN SWEDISH TEENAGERS - RELATION TO SEX AND SMOKING-HABITS
INCIDENCE OF ASTHMA IN SWEDISH TEENAGERS - RELATION TO SEX AND SMOKING-HABITS
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DOI：
10.1136/thx.50.3.260
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发表时间：
1995-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
10
通讯作者：
LARSSON, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LARSSON, L
背景-哮喘的流行和哮喘药物的使用在全世界范围内都在增加。关于哮喘发病率的研究很少，但人们感兴趣的是寻找与疾病发病相关的因素。一项研究估计了16至19岁的哮喘发病率及其与性别和吸烟的关系，并将哮喘发病率与一年内首次接受哮喘药物处方的人的比例进行了比较。方法-1990年向居住在瑞典中部加夫勒堡县南部詹特兰和加斯特里克兰的所有3627名出生于1974年的人发出了一份问卷。对报告呼吸道疾病或梗阻症状的个人进行进一步的面谈和肺功能测试。横断面问卷研究在1993年重复进行。结果自报疾病、医生诊断哮喘、药物使用或哮喘相关症状定义的哮喘年发病率在0.8%~1.3%之间，根据所采用的标准，所有标准均导致女性哮喘发病率较高。当吸烟标准化时，女性性行为是哮喘的危险因素，而当性行为标准化时，除两项标准外，吸烟也是哮喘的危险因素。在所有标准中，女性受试者合并吸烟的哮喘风险增加更大。结论--16-19岁之间哮喘的年发病率约为1%。吸烟和女性性行为被发现是哮喘的危险因素。哮喘的发病率与哮喘新药使用的发病率接近。
Background - The prevalence of asthma and the use of asthma drugs is increasing worldwide. Studies of the incidence of asthma are few but are of interest in finding factors associated with onset of the disease. A study was performed to estimate the incidence of asthma and its relation to sex and to tobacco smoking between the ages of 16 and 19 years, and to compare the incidence of asthma with the proportion of individuals receiving a prescription of an asthma drug for the first time during one year.Methods - A questionnaire was sent in 1990 to all 3627 individuals born in 1974 Living in the county of Jamtland and Gastrikland, the southern part of the county of Gavleborg in central Sweden. Individuals reporting airways disease or obstructive symptoms were investigated with a further interview and lung function tests. The cross sectional questionnaire study was repeated in 1993. The incidence of asthma was calculated in the 2308 individuals who answered the questionnaire in both surveys and who were found not to have asthma in 1990.Results - The yearly incidence of asthma defined from self reported disease, physician diagnosed asthma, drug use, or asthma associated symptoms was between 0.8% and 1.3%, depending on the criteria used, All criteria used resulted in a higher incidence in female subjects. Female sex was a risk factor for asthma when standardised for smoking, and smoking was also a risk factor for asthma when standardised for sex to all but two of the criteria used. In all the criteria the increased risk of asthma combined with smoking was greater in female subjects.Conclusion - The yearly incidence of asthma was about 1% between the ages of 16 and 19 years. Smoking and female sex were found to be risk factors for asthma. The incidence of asthma was close to the incidence of new drug use for asthma.