The association between network centrality and standard of living in a historical agrarian population.
The association between network centrality and standard of living in a historical agrarian population.
复制标题
网络中心性与历史农业人口生活水平之间的关联。
DOI：
10.1002/ajhb.23320
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jennings,JuliaA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jennings,JuliaA
本研究的目的是通过对短期经济压力的生育率和死亡率的反应来衡量网络中心性和生活水平之间的关系。方法在苏格兰北奥克尼1851年至1911年的历史人口统计数据中，COX比例风险模型估计了主粮价格变化、婚姻和劳动网络内的特征向量和贝塔中心性对出生时间和儿童死亡率(1-14年 )的影响。更多中央家庭的生育率对价格变化不那么敏感。儿童死亡率也存在类似但较弱的模式，儿童死亡率对价格波动也很敏感，尽管社会梯度不那么明显。结论婚姻和劳动力网络的中心性是这个偏远农业人口生活水平的一个指标。牢牢扎根于网络中的家庭能够克服和适应短期经济压力，而不会对人口结构造成影响，而那些处于社区边缘的家庭在贫困年份生育延迟，这与对压力的意外反应一致。
ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between network centrality and living standards as measured by fertility and mortality responses to short‐term economic stress.MethodsCox proportional hazard models estimate the effects of staple grain price variation and eigenvector and beta centrality within marriage and labor networks on the timing of births and child mortality (1‐14 years) in a historical demographic data set from North Orkney, Scotland, 1851‐1911.ResultsHouseholds that are peripheral to the marriage and labor network experience lower chances of a birth when food prices are high. The fertility of more central households is less sensitive to price changes. A similar, but weaker, pattern holds for child mortality, which is also sensitive to price fluctuations, although the social gradient is not as clear.ConclusionsMarriage and labor network centrality is an indicator of standard of living in this remote, agricultural population. Households that are firmly embedded in the network are able to overcome and adjust to short‐term economic stress without demographic consequences, while those at the edges of the community experience delayed reproduction in poor years consistent with unplanned responses to stress.