Giardiasis among different tribes of Orang Asli in Malaysia: Highlighting the presence of other family members infected with Giardia intestinalis as a main risk factor
Giardiasis among different tribes of Orang Asli in Malaysia: Highlighting the presence of other family members infected with Giardia intestinalis as a main risk factor
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijpara.2012.07.003
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发表时间：
2012-08-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Moktar, Norhayati
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anuar, Tengku Shahrul;Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M.;Moktar, Norhayati
鞭毛虫原生动物寄生虫，贾第鞭毛虫，广泛分布在世界各地，在热带和亚热带的发展中国家，包括马来西亚，流行率很高。全球约有2亿人感染这种寄生虫，每年报告50万新病例。这项横断面研究在雪兰莪州的三个部落的原住民社区进行。马来西亚的霹雳州和彭亨州。主要目的是确定贾第虫病的患病率和危险因素。从500名年龄在2至74岁之间的个体（男性= 219，女性= 281）中收集粪便样本。用福尔马林-乙醚沉淀法和三色染色法对样品进行检查。社会经济数据通过预先测试的问卷收集。贾第虫病的总体患病率为20.0%，原马来人患病率最高（33.3%），其次是黑人（20.1%）和Senois人（10.4%）。阳性病例数随年龄增长而减少，大多数阳性病例在24岁以下的个体中观察到。男性患病率显著高于女性（χ 2 = 5.283，P = 0.022）。对研究的总人口和Senoi部落的Logistic回归分析证实，年龄小于15岁的儿童、男性、食用生蔬菜和其他家庭成员感染G.血吸虫病是贾第鞭毛虫病的主要危险因素。家庭中其他成员感染G.在原始马来部落和尼格里托部落中，肥胖是唯一突出的风险因素。腹泻与贾第虫病显著相关。然而，因果关系尚未确定。因此，筛查家庭成员和治疗感染者是公共卫生当局在Orang Ash社区防治这种感染以及关于良好个人和食品卫生习惯的健康教育方面应采取的主要战略。(C)2012年澳大利亚寄生虫学会由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
The flagellate protozoan parasite, Giardia intestinalis, is widely distributed throughout the world with a high prevalence in developing countries in the tropics and subtropics, including Malaysia. Approximately 200 million people are infected with the parasite globally, with 500,000 new cases reported annually. This cross-sectional study was conducted among three tribes of Orang Asli communities in Selangor. Perak and Pahang states of Malaysia. The main objective was to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for giardiasis. Stool samples were collected from 500 individuals aged between 2 and 74 years (males = 219, females = 281). The samples were examined with formalin-ether sedimentation and trichrome staining techniques. Socioeconomic data were collected through a pre-tested questionnaire. The overall prevalence of giardiasis was 20.0% with the highest prevalence in the Proto-Malays (33.3%) followed by Negritos (20.1%) and Senois (10.4%). The positive cases showed a decrease with increasing age and most of the positive cases were observed in individuals less than 24 years old. Males had significantly higher prevalence than females (chi(2) = 5.283, P = 0.022). Logistic regression analysis of the overall population studied and the Senoi tribe confirmed that being a child aged less than 15 years, being male, the consumption of raw vegetables and the presence of other family members infected with G. intestinalis were the main risk factors for giardiasis. The presence of other family members infected with G. intestinalis was the only risk factor highlighted in the Proto-Malay and Negrito tribes. Diarrhoea was significantly associated with giardiasis. However, the cause and effect relationship has yet to be determined. Thus, screening family members and treating the infected individuals are the main strategies that should be adopted by the public health authority in combating this infection in Orang Ash communities as well as health education regarding good personal and food hygiene practises. (C) 2012 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.