Spacing extinction trials alleviates renewal and spontaneous recovery.
Spacing extinction trials alleviates renewal and spontaneous recovery.
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DOI：
10.3758/lb.37.1.60
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发表时间：
2009-02
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Miller RR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Urcelay GP;Wheeler DS;Miller RR
在经典条件反射的情况下灭绝的研究可以揭示技术，最大限度地提高基于确定性的行为疗法的有效性。在三个实验中，我们研究了在以大鼠为受试者的恐惧调节制剂中，在消退治疗期间改变试验间隔的效果。在实验1中，我们发现测试中的恐惧更少（即，更有效的灭绝）时，灭绝试验间隔很大，相对于中间或大规模灭绝试验。在实验2中，我们使用了阿坝的更新程序，并观察到间隔试验衰减更新的条件性恐惧相对于大量的试验。在实验3中，我们使用了类似的设计，但不是在测试时改变物理环境，而是在消光处理后插入一个保留间隔，以产生时间背景的变化。结果显示，与大规模灭绝试验相比，间隔后的恐惧自发恢复较少。这些结果表明，当灭绝试验间隔而不是集中时，灭绝更持久。虽然间隔试验的好处是小的，当没有上下文的变化，从灭绝到测试，无论是物理或时间背景的变化后，大规模灭绝试验导致从灭绝中恢复，这是减少时，间隔试验。
Studies of extinction in classical conditioning situations can reveal techniques that maximize the effectiveness of exposure-based behavior therapies. In three experiments, we investigated the effect of varying the intertrial interval during an extinction treatment in a fear-conditioning preparation with rats as subjects. In Experiment 1, we found less fear at test (i.e., more effective extinction) when extinction trials were widely spaced, relative to intermediate or massed extinction trials. In Experiment 2, we used an ABA renewal procedure and observed that spaced trials attenuated renewal of conditioned fear relative to massed trials. In Experiment 3, we used a similar design, but instead of changing the physical context at the time of testing, we interposed a retention interval after the extinction treatment to produce a change in the temporal context. The results showed less spontaneous recovery of fear after spaced than after massed extinction trials. These results suggest that extinction is more enduring when the extinction trials are spaced rather than massed. Although the benefits of spacing trials are small when there is no contextual change from extinction to testing, a change in either physical or temporal context following massed extinction trials leads to a recovery from extinction, which is reduced when the trials are spaced.