Lost in translation: The perils of implementing alcohol brief intervention when there are gaps in evidence and its interpretation.
Lost in translation: The perils of implementing alcohol brief intervention when there are gaps in evidence and its interpretation.
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迷失在翻译中：当证据及其解释存在差距时，实施酒精短暂干预的危险。
DOI：
10.1111/add.12500
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Saitz,Richard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saitz,Richard
McCambridge & Rollnick remind us how little we know about alcohol brief interventions (BI) in primary care despite half a century of study: they have modest efficacy for reducing consumption [1]. Limited evidence and simulations suggest effects on harder outcomes, which has led some to conclude it is among the most effective preventive services [2, 3]. It is tempting to believe that we can address unhealthy alcohol use with a seemingly simple solution. Governments and health systems have tried [4, 5].But BI implementation studies (effectiveness studies)[6–8] find BI is often not done and, if it is, doesn't affect drinking, unlike BI in trials in which researchers have substantial control over implementation (efficacy studies). This finding may be due to lack of fidelity, or to failure to implement interventions supported by the best evidence—eg multiple (not single) interventions [2]. Since BI effect sizes are small (eg 3 drinks per week), even small decrements when translating BI to practice threaten loss of efficacy. And efficacy depends on selecting patients who drink enough but not too much (studies exclude risky drinkers who drink very heavily [9]). Two trials with discordant efficacy results differed in the narrowness of entry criteria [10, 11]) which is problematic for a purportedly universal preventive intervention.
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如果没有秘密排练，短期记忆中的信息就会衰退
DOI：
10.1016/s0022-5371(74)80015-0
发表时间：
1974
期刊：
Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior
影响因子：
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影响因子：
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1985
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
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1981
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