Innate immune evasion strategies by human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
Innate immune evasion strategies by human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
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DOI：
10.1155/2013/954806
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发表时间：
2013-08-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ayyavoo V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Guha D;Ayyavoo V
宿主免疫成分在人类免疫缺陷病毒 1 型 (HIV-1) 感染中既发挥有益作用，也发挥致病作用。在病毒感染的初始阶段，先天免疫因子的复杂网络被激活。例如，免疫细胞表达许多炎症蛋白，包括细胞因子、趋化因子和抗病毒限制因子。这些因子，特别是干扰素 (IFN)，通过调节下游信号传导事件、诱导树突细胞 (DC) 成熟以及激活巨噬细胞、自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞以及 B 和 T 细胞，在抗病毒防御系统中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，HIV-1 已经进化出利用多种策略来克服宿主先天免疫系统的抗病毒作用。这篇综述讨论了 HIV-1 通过击败宿主先天防御系统来建立潜在和持续感染的途径和策略。
Host immune components play both beneficial and pathogenic roles in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. During the initial stage of viral infection, a complex network of innate immune factors are activated. For instance, the immune cells express a number of inflammatory proteins including cytokines, chemokines, and antiviral restriction factors. These factors, specifically, interferons (IFNs) play a crucial role in antiviral defense system by modulating the downstream signaling events, by inducing maturation of dendritic cells (DCs), and by activation of macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and B and T cells. However, HIV-1 has evolved to utilize a number of strategies to overcome the antiviral effects of the host innate immune system. This review discusses the pathways and strategies utilized by HIV-1 to establish latent and persistent infection by defeating host's innate defense system.