Microplastic Ingestion by Zooplankton
Microplastic Ingestion by Zooplankton
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DOI：
10.1021/es400663f
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发表时间：
2013-06-18
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Galloway, Tamara S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cole, Matthew;Lindeque, Pennie;Galloway, Tamara S.
小型塑料碎屑被称为“微塑料”，是全球海洋生态系统中普遍存在的污染物。包括贻贝、蠕虫、鱼类和海鸟在内的海洋生物摄取微塑料已有广泛报道，但尽管它们在海洋食物网中具有重要的生态作用，但微塑料对浮游动物的影响仍未得到充分研究。在这里，我们展示了微塑料被浮游动物摄取，并可能对其产生影响。我们使用生物成像技术来记录微塑料在东北大西洋常见的一系列浮游动物中的摄取、排出和附着，并使用摄食率研究来确定塑料碎屑对桡足类藻类摄取率的影响。利用荧光和相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射(CARS)显微镜，我们鉴定了13个浮游动物类群具有摄取1.7-30.6微米聚苯乙烯微珠的能力，摄取能力因类群、生活期和微珠大小而不同。摄食后，桡足类排出的粪便颗粒中含有微塑料。我们进一步观察到微塑料附着在暴露的浮游动物的外部甲壳和附属物上。将典型的桡足类中央足类暴露在含有和不含有微塑料的藻类自然组合中，结果表明，7.3亩m的微塑料(>；4000毫升(-1))显著减少了藻类的摄食量。我们的发现表明，海洋微塑料垃圾会对浮游动物的功能和健康产生负面影响。
Small plastic detritus, termed "microplastics", are a widespread and ubiquitous contaminant of marine ecosystems across the globe. Ingestion of microplastics by marine biota, including mussels, worms, fish, and seabirds, has been widely reported, but despite their vital ecological role in marine food-webs, the impact of microplastics on zooplankton remains under-researched. Here, we show that microplastics are ingested by, and may impact upon, zooplankton. We used bioimaging techniques to document ingestion, egestion, and adherence of microplastics in a range of zooplankton common to the northeast Atlantic, and employed feeding rate studies to determine the impact of plastic detritus on algal ingestion rates in copepods. Using fluorescence and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy we identified that thirteen zooplankton taxa had the capacity to ingest 1.7-30.6 mu m polystyrene beads, with uptake varying by taxa, life-stage and bead-size. Post-ingestion, copepods egested faecal pellets laden with microplastics. We further observed microplastics adhered to the external carapace and appendages of exposed zooplankton. Exposure of the copepod Centropages typicus to natural assemblages of algae with and without microplastics showed that 7.3 mu m microplastics (>4000 mL(-1)) significantly decreased algal feeding. Our findings imply that marine microplastic debris can negatively impact upon zooplankton function and health.