Kids in space: Measuring children's residential neighborhoods and other destinations using activity space GPS and wearable camera data
Kids in space: Measuring children's residential neighborhoods and other destinations using activity space GPS and wearable camera data
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.09.046
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发表时间：
2017-11-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Signal, L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chambers, T.;Pearson, A. L.;Signal, L.
简介：定义儿童“社区”的边界对于理解环境对儿童健康的影响具有重要意义。此外，对人们社区之外发生的活动的深入了解可能表明基于地点的研究无法检测到的暴露。本研究旨在 1) 使用在城市环境中佩戴数天的可穿戴相机和 GPS 设备的数据，扩展当前的社区研究； 2）利用闲暇活动空间数据界定儿童邻里边界； 3) 确定儿童在闲暇时间访问的、在社区之外的目的地。方法：来自新西兰惠灵顿的 114 名儿童（平均年龄 12 岁）佩戴可穿戴相机和 GPS 记录器。增量距离的住宅欧几里得缓冲区与 GPS 数据配对（从而识别在不同地方花费的时间），以探索邻里边界的替代定义。儿童邻里边界为500 m。新开发的软件应用程序通过指定时空参数来识别邻里之外访问的“目的地”。来自可穿戴摄像头的图像数据用于确定目的地类型。结果：孩子们一半以上的休闲时间都在离家 500 m 的范围内度过。孩子们离开社区主要是去学校（出于休闲目的）、其他居住地点（例如拜访朋友）和食品零售店（例如便利店、快餐店）。儿童在食品零售店花费的时间比在结构化运动和户外休闲场所花费的时间总和还要多。结论：以人为中心的邻里定义可能比以前基于地点的测量方法更好地代表儿童的日常经历和邻里接触。由于学校和其他居住地点（朋友和家人）是社区之外的重要目的地，因此应考虑这些目的地。图像数据和活动空间 GPS 数据的结合提供了一种更可靠的方法来了解儿童的社区和活动空间。 (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Introduction: Defining the boundary of children's 'neighborhoods' has important implications for understanding the contextual influences on child health. Additionally, insight into activities that occur outside people's neighborhoods may indicate exposures that place-based studies cannot detect. This study aimed to 1) extend current neighborhood research, using data from wearable cameras and GPS devices that were worn over several days in an urban setting; 2) define the boundary of children's neighborhoods by using leisure time activity space data; and 3) determine the destinations visited by children in their leisure time, outside their neighborhoods.Method: One hundred and fourteen children (mean age 12y) from Wellington, New Zealand wore wearable cameras and GPS recorders. Residential Euclidean buffers at incremental distances were paired with GPS data (thereby identifying time spent in different places) to explore alternative definitions of neighborhood boundaries. Children's neighborhood boundary was at 500 m. A newly developed software application was used to identify 'destinations' visited outside the neighborhood by specifying space-time parameters. Image data from wearable cameras were used to determine the type of destination.Results: Children spent over half of their leisure time within 500 m of their homes. Children left their neighborhood predominantly to visit school (for leisure purposes), other residential locations (e.g. to visit friends) and food retail outlets (e.g. convenience stores, fast food outlets). Children spent more time at food retail outlets than at structured sport and in outdoor recreation locations combined.Conclusion: Person-centered neighborhood definitions may serve to better represent children's everyday experiences and neighborhood exposures than previous methods based on place-based measures. As schools and other residential locations (friends and family) are important destinations outside the neighborhood, such destinations should be taken into account. The combination of image data and activity space GPS data provides a more robust approach to understanding children's neighborhoods and activity spaces. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.