The hunters and the hunted revisited.
The hunters and the hunted revisited.
复制标题
猎人和猎物重新审视。
DOI：
10.1006/jhev.2000.0436
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发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
N. J. van der Merwe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Lee;J. Thackeray;N. J. van der Merwe
灭绝动物的饮食生态位，包括原始人和食肉动物，可能会受到化石牙釉质中稳定碳同位素比例的限制。(13)C在斯瓦特克朗斯的成员1和2的动物群组合中大量存在的许多灵长类，包括长尾猴和南方古猿（傍人）粗壮，以及一系列其他可能的猎物物种的/（12）C比值，以前已经报道过。因此，建议混合，或杂食，饮食A。粗壮人提出了与同时代的脑容量更大的人属重叠的问题。在这里，我们提供了来自人和几种大型捕食者的（13）C/（12）C数据，包括豹，恐龙，第一成员中的Megantereon cultridens和Chasmoporthetes nitidula，第二成员中的P. pardus和P. leo，以比较这两个人科物种，并确定各种灵长类动物和其他大型脊椎动物的可能捕食者。三个人的结果cf。ergaster个体与A.结果表明，C（3）和C（4）为基础的食物在它们的饮食中的比例没有差异。P. pardus、Megantereon和Crocuta可能是成员1中人科动物和狒狒的捕食者，而Dinofelis个体则集中于食用C（4）草的猎物。狩猎鬣狗C. nitidula捕食混合饲养者或在C（3）和C（4）变异范围内的一系列动物。成员1和成员2的数据证实了豹子饮食向食用C（4）草的动物的转变。
The dietary niches of extinct animals, including hominids and predators, may be constrained using stable carbon isotope ratios in fossil tooth enamel.(13)C/(12)C ratios of many of the primates abundant in the faunal assemblages of Members 1 and 2 at Swartkrans, including cercopithecoids and Australopithecus (Paranthropus) robustus, and a range of other possible prey species, have been reported previously. Resulting suggestions of a mixed, or omnivorous, diet for A. robustus raise questions about niche overlap with coeval, larger brained Homo. Here we present(13)C/(12)C data from Homo and several large predators including Panthera pardus, Dinofelis sp., Megantereon cultridens and Chasmoporthetes nitidula in Member 1, and P. pardus and P. leo in Member 2, in order to compare the two hominid species and to determine likely predators of the various primates and other macrovertebrates. Results for three Homo cf. ergaster individuals are indistinguishable from those of A. robustus, showing that proportions of C(3)- and C(4)-based foods in their diets did not differ. P. pardus, Megantereon and Crocuta are shown to be likely predators of the hominids and Papio baboons in Member 1, while the Dinofelis individual concentrated on prey which consumed C(4)grasses. The hunting hyaenid C. nitidula preyed on either mixed feeders or on a range of animals across the spectrum of C(3)and C(4)variation. The data from Members 1 and 2 confirm a shift in leopard diets towards animals that consumed C(4)grasses.