Nuclear CDKs drive Smad transcriptional activation and turnover in BMP and TGF-beta pathways.

Nuclear CDKs drive Smad transcriptional activation and turnover in BMP and TGF-beta pathways.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2009.09.035
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发表时间:
2009-11-13
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Massagué J
Massagué J
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Alarcón C;Zaromytidou AI;Xi Q;Gao S;Yu J;Fujisawa S;Barlas A;Miller AN;Manova-Todorova K;Macias MJ;Sapkota G;Pan D;Massagué J

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转化生长因子β和骨形态发生蛋白受体激酶通过C端磷酸化激活Smad转录因子。我们已经确定了随后激动剂诱导的磷酸化,它在Smad转录激活和转换中起着中心的双重作用。当受体激活的Smad形成转录复合体时,它们被CDK8和CDK9在结构域间连接区磷酸化,CDK8和CDK9是转录介体和延伸复合体的组成部分。这些磷酸化促进了Smad的转录作用,在Smad1的情况下,这是通过Yap招募到磷酸化的连接物位点来调节的。YAP是高度保守的河马器官大小控制途径的效应者,支持Smad1依赖的转录,是BMP抑制小鼠胚胎干细胞神经分化所必需的。磷酸化的连接物最终被特定的泛素连接酶识别,导致蛋白酶体介导的激活的Smad蛋白的周转。因此,核CDK8/9驱动Smad的利用和处置的循环,这是典型的骨形态发生蛋白和转化生长因子β途径的组成部分。
TGFβ and BMP receptor kinases activate Smad transcription factors by C-terminal phosphorylation. We have identified a subsequent agonist-induced phosphorylation that plays a central dual role in Smad transcriptional activation and turnover. As receptor-activated Smads form transcriptional complexes, they are phosphorylated at an interdomain linker region by CDK8 and CDK9, which are components of transcriptional mediator and elongation complexes. These phosphorylations promote Smad transcriptional action, which in the case of Smad1, is mediated by the recruitment of YAP to the phosphorylated linker sites. An effector of the highly conserved Hippo organ size control pathway, YAP supports Smad1-dependent transcription and is required for BMP suppression of neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. The phosphorylated linker is ultimately recognized by specific ubiquitin ligases, leading to proteasome-mediated turnover of activated Smad proteins. Thus, nuclear CDK8/9 drive a cycle of Smad utilization and disposal that is an integral part of canonical BMP and TGFβ pathways.
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