Were rivers flowing across the Sahara during the last interglacial? Implications for human migration through Africa.
Were rivers flowing across the Sahara during the last interglacial? Implications for human migration through Africa.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0074834
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Brücher T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coulthard TJ;Ramirez JA;Barton N;Rogerson M;Brücher T
通过非洲向北迁移的人口是有争议的。本文采用了一种新的古水文和水力模拟方法来测试的假设，在潮湿的气候下约10万年前，主要的河流系统向北穿越撒哈拉到地中海，创造可行的迁移路线。我们证实，其中三个现已埋藏的古河流系统可能在人类穿越撒哈拉大沙漠的关键时期活跃。出乎意料的是，这三条河流中最西边的伊哈哈尔河是最有可能的人类迁徙路线。伊哈哈尔河直接从南向北流动，独特地将当时经历季风气候的山区与食物和资源丰富的温带地中海环境联系起来。这些发现对我们理解人类如何通过非洲向北迁移具有重大意义，首次提供了定量视角，说明这些路线在这些时候适合人类居住的概率。
Human migration north through Africa is contentious. This paper uses a novel palaeohydrological and hydraulic modelling approach to test the hypothesis that under wetter climates c.100,000 years ago major river systems ran north across the Sahara to the Mediterranean, creating viable migration routes. We confirm that three of these now buried palaeo river systems could have been active at the key time of human migration across the Sahara. Unexpectedly, it is the most western of these three rivers, the Irharhar river, that represents the most likely route for human migration. The Irharhar river flows directly south to north, uniquely linking the mountain areas experiencing monsoon climates at these times to temperate Mediterranean environments where food and resources would have been abundant. The findings have major implications for our understanding of how humans migrated north through Africa, for the first time providing a quantitative perspective on the probabilities that these routes were viable for human habitation at these times.
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