Assessing the functional mechanical properties of bioengineered organs with emphasis on the lung.
Assessing the functional mechanical properties of bioengineered organs with emphasis on the lung.
复制标题
评估生物工程器官的功能机械特性，重点是肺。
DOI：
10.1002/jcp.24600
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Suki,Béla
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Suki,Béla
最近，再生医学领域出现了一种令人兴奋的新方法，推动了组织工程的前沿，以创造生物人工器官。其基本思想是创建由细胞外基质（ECM）制成的生物支架，以保留整个器官的三维结构。在用干细胞或适当分化的细胞重新接种结构后，这些支架可用作功能组织和器官重建的模板。为了确保这些生物人工器官能够在天然组织的机械环境中发挥作用，必须充分表征其机械特性并将其与正常天然器官的机械特性相匹配。这篇小型评论简要总结了主要以材料或体积刚度为特征的机械功能的现代测量技术。讨论了原子力显微镜和组织条应力应变方法等微观和宏观技术，重点讨论了将机械测量与结构可视化相结合的技术。适当的微观硬度有助于生物人工器官中细胞的附着和分化，而宏观功能则由结构的整体机械性能提供。还描述了包括失效力学在内的几种方法，这些方法专门探讨了主要 ECM 成分（包括胶原蛋白、弹性蛋白和蛋白聚糖）对器官水平 ECM 功能的贡献。全文给出了优点、缺点和可能的陷阱以及数据的解释。最后，单独讨论了评估生物人工肺 ECM 功能的具体技术。 J.细胞。生理学。 229：1134–1140，2014 年。© 2014 Wiley 期刊公司。
Recently, an exciting new approach has emerged in regenerative medicine pushing the forefront of tissue engineering to create bioartificial organs. The basic idea is to create biological scaffolds made of extracellular matrix (ECM) that preserves the three‐dimensional architecture of an entire organ. These scaffolds are then used as templates for functional tissue and organ reconstruction after re‐seeding the structure with stem cells or appropriately differentiated cells. In order to make sure that these bioartificial organs will be able to function in the mechanical environment of the native tissue, it is imperative to fully characterize their mechanical properties and match them with those of the normal native organs. This mini‐review briefly summarizes modern measurement techniques of mechanical function characterized mostly by the material or volumetric stiffness. Micro‐scale and macro‐scale techniques such as atomic force microscopy and the tissue strip stress–strain approach are discussed with emphasis on those that combine mechanical measurements with structural visualization. Proper micro‐scale stiffness helps attachment and differentiation of cells in the bioartificial organ whereas macro‐scale functionality is provided by the overall mechanical properties of the construct. Several approaches including failure mechanics are also described, which specifically probe the contributions of the main ECM components including collagen, elastin, and proteoglycans to organ level ECM function. Advantages, drawbacks, and possible pitfalls as well as interpretation of the data are given throughout. Finally, specific techniques to assess the functionality of the ECM of bioartificial lungs are separately discussed. J. Cell. Physiol. 229: 1134–1140, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.