Molecular epidemiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Molecular epidemiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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DOI：
10.2741/speert
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发表时间：
2002-10-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Speert, DP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Speert, DP
铜绿假单胞菌在某些受损宿主中是一种严重的机会性病原体，如囊性纤维化、热烧伤和癌症。在正常宿主中，它也会引起不太严重的非侵入性疾病，如外耳炎和热水浴缸毛囊炎。铜绿假单胞菌的表型非常不稳定，特别是在慢性感染的患者中。表型分型技术对了解急性感染的流行病学是有用的，但它们受到其歧视性能力的限制，以及它们无法对表型无关但基因同源的菌株进行分组。在过去十年中开发的分子分型技术具有很高的歧视性，有助于对细菌表型不稳定的慢性感染患者的菌株进行分型；在囊性纤维化中尤其如此，患者往往感染同一菌株几十年，但细菌会发生表型变化。分子分型技术可用于铜绿假单胞菌的流行病学分型，包括脉冲场凝胶电泳法、限制性片段长度多态性DNA分析、随机扩增多态性DNA分析、重复回文外聚合酶链式反应分析和多位点序列分型。这些方法通常只在专门的实验室可用，但当表型分析的数据不明确或表型方法不可靠时，如囊性纤维化，应使用这些方法。
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a serious opportunistic pathogen in certain compromised hosts, such as those with cystic fibrosis, thermal burns and cancer. It also causes less severe noninvasive disease, such as otitis externa and hot tub folliculitis, in normal hosts. P. aeruginosa is phenotypically very unstable, particularly in patients with chronic infection. Phenotypic typing techniques are useful for understanding the epidemiology of acute infections, but they are limited by their discriminatory power and by their inability to group isolates that are phenotypically unrelated but genetically homologous. Molecular typing techniques, developed over the past decade, are highly discriminatory and are useful for typing strains from patients with chronic infection where the bacterial phenotype is unstable; this is particularly true in cystic fibrosis, where patients often are infected with the same strain for several decades, but the bacteria undergo phenotypic alteration. Molecular typing techniques, which have proven useful in typing P. aeruginosa for epidemiological purposes, include pulsed field gel electrophoresis, restriction fragment length polymorphic DNA analysis, random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis, repetitive extrapalindromic PCR analysis, and multilocus sequence typing. These methods are generally only available in specialized laboratories, but they should be used when data from phenotypic typing analysis are ambiguous or when phenotypic methods are unreliable, such as in cystic fibrosis.