Potentiating paired corticospinal-motoneuronal plasticity after spinal cord injury
Potentiating paired corticospinal-motoneuronal plasticity after spinal cord injury
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DOI：
10.1016/j.brs.2018.05.006
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Perez, Monica A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bunday, Karen L.;Urbin, M. A.;Perez, Monica A.
背景：配对皮质脊髓运动神经元刺激 (PCMS) 会增加患有慢性不完全性脊髓损伤 (SCI) 的人的皮质脊髓传递。目的/假设：在这里，我们检查通过进行自愿活动来增加脊髓运动神经元的兴奋性是否可以增强 PCMS 对皮质脊髓传递的影响。方法：在 PCMS 期间，我们使用了 100 对刺激，其中皮质脊髓齐射由经颅磁刺激（TMS）在初级运动皮层的手部表征上引起的刺激定时到达第一背侧骨间肌（FDI）的皮质脊髓运动神经元突触，类似于通过尺神经的电刺激在运动神经元中引发逆向电位之前的1-2毫秒。 PCMS 分别在休息时 (PCMSrest) 和小水平等距食指外展 (PCMSactive) 期间应用。在有和没有（对照）慢性颈椎 SCI 的人类中，在每个方案前后，在 FDI 肌肉中测量由 TMS 和电刺激引起的运动诱发电位 (MEP)。结果：我们发现，在对照参与者中，在两种 PCMS 方案类似 x30 分钟后，由 TMS 和电刺激引起的 MEP 增加到类似的程度。然而，在患有 SCI 的人类中，与 PCMSrest 相比，PCMSactive 后 TMS 和电刺激引起的 MEP 增加幅度更大。重要的是，对 PCMSrest 没有反应的 SCI 参与者在 PCMSactive 后有反应，而对两种方案都有反应的 SCI 参与者在 PCMSactive 后表现出更大的皮质脊髓传播增量。结论：我们的研究结果表明，PCMS 期间的肌肉收缩增强了皮质脊髓传播。在志愿活动期间应用 PCMS 可能是 SCI 后增强脊柱可塑性的一种策略。 (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
Background: Paired corticospinal-motoneuronal stimulation (PCMS) increases corticospinal transmission in humans with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI).Objective/Hypothesis: Here, we examine whether increases in the excitability of spinal motoneurons, by performing voluntary activity, could potentiate PCMS effects on corticospinal transmission.Methods: During PCMS, we used 100 pairs of stimuli where corticospinal volleys evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the hand representation of the primary motor cortex were timed to arrive at corticospinal-motoneuronal synapses of the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle similar to 1-2 ms before antidromic potentials were elicited in motoneurons by electrical stimulation of the ulnar nerve. PCMS was applied at rest (PCMSrest) and during a small level of isometric index finger abduction (PCMSactive) on separate days. Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by TMS and electrical stimulation were measured in the FDI muscle before and after each protocol in humans with and without (controls) chronic cervical SCI.Results: We found in control participants that MEPs elicited by TMS and electrical stimulation increased to a similar extent after both PCMS protocols for similar to x30 min. Whereas, in humans with SCI, MEPs elicited by TMS and electrical stimulation increased to a larger extent after PCMSactive compared with PCMSrest. Importantly, SCI participants who did not respond to PCMSrest responded after PCMSactive and those who responded to both protocols showed larger increments in corticospinal transmission after PCMSactive.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that muscle contraction during PCMS potentiates corticospinal transmission. PCMS applied during voluntary activity may represent a strategy to boost spinal plasticity after SCI. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.