Evaluation of responses to vaccination of Angus cattle for four viruses that contribute to bovine respiratory disease complex
Evaluation of responses to vaccination of Angus cattle for four viruses that contribute to bovine respiratory disease complex
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DOI：
10.2527/jas2017.1793
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发表时间：
2017-11-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Reecy, J. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kramer, L. M.;Mayes, M. S.;Reecy, J. M.
虽然接种疫苗是降低牛呼吸道疾病综合征（BRDC）风险的有效措施，但BRDC损失仍然很大。提高疫苗接种的有效性取决于阐明对疫苗中包含的不同抗原的保护性免疫应答，确定疫苗接种的最佳时机，以及了解小牛年龄对疫苗接种的影响。本研究测定了小牛接种后抗4种通常与BRDC相关的病毒的血清抗体：牛病毒性腹泻病毒1型和2型（BVDV 1和BVDV 2）、牛呼吸道合胞病毒（BRSV）和牛疱疹病毒1型（BHV 1）。从首次接种开始，每隔3周在1，600多头小牛中测量血清抗体滴度。大约一半的个体在断奶时进行第一次接种，另一半在断奶前3周进行第一次接种。母畜年龄（岁）、断奶时间（初次接种或加强接种）和年-季节内犊牛年龄（年-季节内天数）分类均对所测性状（如初始滴度和总体反应）有显著影响。初始滴度的增加与每种反应特征（初始、加强和总体反应）呈负相关。与初次接种前3周断奶的小牛相比，初次接种时断奶的小牛对BVDV 1和BVDV 2的总体抗体应答更高。相反，与断奶时接种疫苗的小牛相比，断奶前3周首次接种疫苗的小牛对BRSV和BHV 1的总体抗体应答更高。此外，测定了每种病毒需要低于个体小牛对疫苗接种产生阳性应答时的循环抗体滴度（BVDV 1的log（2）滴度为0.38，BVDV 2为1.5，BRSV为3.88，BHV 1为1.5）。这些信息可用于改进疫苗接种方案，以提高个体对疫苗接种的反应率，并有望改善保护。
Although vaccination is an effective measure in reducing the risk of bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) in cattle, BRDC losses remain significant. Increasing the efficacy of vaccination depends on elucidating the protective immune response to different antigens included in vaccines, determining the best timing for vaccination, and understanding the impact of the age of the calf on vaccination. This study measured the serum antibodies present in calves following vaccination against 4 viruses commonly associated with BRDC: bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 and 2 (BVDV1 and BVDV2), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), and bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1). Serum antibody titers were measured in more than 1,600 calves at 3-wk intervals starting at the time of the first vaccination. This first vaccination occurred at weaning for approximately half of the individuals and 3 wk before weaning for the other half. Dam age (years), time of weaning (initial vaccination or booster vaccination), and age of calf within year-season (days within year-season) classification all were found to have a significant effect on measured traits such as the initial titer and overall response. An increased initial titer was negatively correlated with each response trait (initial, booster, and overall response). Calves that were weaned at initial vaccination had greater overall antibody response to BVDV1 and BVDV2 compared with calves weaned 3 wk before initial vaccination. In contrast, calves given their initial vaccination 3 wk before weaning had greater overall antibody response to BRSV and BHV1 compared with calves that were vaccinated at weaning. Furthermore, the circulating antibody titer at which each virus needed to be below for an individual calf to positively respond to vaccination was determined (log(2) titer of 0.38 for BVDV1, 1.5 for BVDV2, 3.88 for BRSV, and 1.5 for BHV1). This information can be used to improve vaccination protocols to allow for a greater response rate of individuals to vaccination and, hopefully, improved protection.