Lagopus mutus japonicus
Lagopus mutus japonicus
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DOI：
10.2326/jjo.56.93
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发表时间：
2007-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nakamura, Hiroshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nakamura, Hiroshi
日本松鸡的栖息地是日本本州中部的高山地带。这个亚种的分布范围是世界上最南端的，并且与其他亚种隔离。这本专著回顾了过去的研究，并考察了日本白羚所面临的问题。20年前，日本大约有3000只白鹭。有人认为，由于日本的山脉与其核心山脉隔绝，因此日本的松鸡将会灭绝。日本高山地带的特点是存在矮化的西伯利亚松树。有人提出，松树的存在对松鸡很重要，因为它提供了避难所和筑巢地点。回顾了松鸡的食性，认为有必要分析不同地区间的饮食差异并进行定量研究。回顾了高山地区松鸡的生活史。讨论了体重的季节变化与其生命周期的关系。在mt DNA单倍型分析的基础上，讨论了末次冰期后日本血吸虫的分化及其遗传多样性。会议讨论了白鳍羚目前面临的一些问题：一些山脉的数量减少；梅花鹿和日本猕猴入侵它们的高山地带；捕食者最近增加，以及全球变暖。全球变暖的影响是基于领土的垂直分布来估计的，这表明当年平均气温上升3摄氏度时，松鸡的数量将减少20.4%，目前在日本范围内的大多数山脉中的松鸡将灭绝。在灭绝之前，有必要制定保护策略，并发展圈养繁殖技能。
The habitat of the Rock Ptarmigan Lagopus mutus japonicus is the alpine zone of Central Honshu, Japan. The range of this subspecies is the southernmost in the world and is isolated from other subspecies. This monograph reviews past research and examines the problems being faced by the Ptarmigan in Japan. Twenty years ago there were about 3,000 Ptarmigan in Japan. It was suggested that extinction of the Ptarmigan in Japan will arise because the Japanese mountains are isolated from its core range. The characteristic of the alpine zone in Japan is the existence of the Dwarf Siberian Pine Pinus pumila. It was suggested that the existence of the pine is important to the Ptarmigan as it provides shelter and nesting sites. The food habits of the Ptarmigan were reviewed and it was suggested that analysis of dietary differences among regions and quantitative research is necessary. The life history of the Ptarmigan in the alpine zone was reviewed. Seasonal change in body-weight was discussed in relation to their life cycle. The differentiation of L. m. japonicus after the last glacial period, and its genetic diversity, based on haplotype analysis of mt DNA, were discussed. Some problems that the Ptarmigan is confronting now were discussed: decreased numbers in some mountains; invasion of their alpine zone range by Sika Deer and Japanese Macaques; a recent increase in predators, and global warming. The effect of global warming was estimated based on the vertical distribution of territories, suggesting that the number of Ptarmigan will decrease by up to 20.4% when the annual -average-temperature increased by 3 degrees C and the Ptarmigan will become extinct from most mountains currently in its Japanese range. Before its extinction a conservation strategy is necessary and captive breeding skills should be developed.