Niche shifting in response to warming climate after the last glacial maximum: inference from genetic data and niche assessments in the chisel-toothed kangaroo rat (Dipodomys microps)
Niche shifting in response to warming climate after the last glacial maximum: inference from genetic data and niche assessments in the chisel-toothed kangaroo rat (Dipodomys microps)
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02508.x
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发表时间：
2011-11-01
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Riddle, Brett R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jezkova, Tereza;Olah-Hemmings, Viktoria;Riddle, Brett R.
在更新世冰川-间冰期循环期间，人们通常认为地理范围随着物种追踪其气候生态位而发生变化。或者，如果一个物种能够就地适应不断变化的环境，那么地理范围不一定会发生变化。随着物种利用的栖息地类型的多样性，物种持续存在的潜力可能会增加。我们评估了凿齿袋鼠（Dipodomys microps）（大盆地和莫哈韦沙漠的特有种）在末次盛冰期（LGM）和现在之间的范围变化或范围稳定性的证据。我们模拟了如果该物种的气候生态位在末次盛冰期和现在之间保持保守，该物种的范围将如何变化。气候模型表明，如果末次盛冰期期间 D. microps 栖息在与今天相同的气候生态位中，那么该物种将主要在温暖的莫哈韦沙漠中持续存在，并在末次盛冰期之后才向北扩展到寒冷的大盆地。与气候模型相反，线粒体 DNA 评估揭示了至少在最新的冰期-间冰期循环中当前物种分布中种群持续存在的信号。我们得出的结论是，D. microps 在更新世晚期振荡期间并没有跟踪其气候生态位，而是通过改变其生态位并保留其大部分分布来应对环境变化的挑战。我们推测，这种对气候波动的反应之所以可能，是因为“生态位漂移”，即由于各种生物特征的可塑性而导致物种实现的生态位的改变。我们的研究提供了一个重建物种对过去气候变化的反应的方法的例子，该方法可用于评估类群是否有能力以及在多大程度上有能力改变其生态位以应对不断变化的环境——信息对于预测生物对未来环境变化的反应变得越来越重要。
During Pleistocene glacial-interglacial cycles, the geographic range is often assumed to have shifted as a species tracks its climatic niche. Alternatively, the geographic range would not necessarily shift if a species can adapt in situ to a changing environment. The potential for a species to persist in place might increase with the diversity of habitat types that a species exploits. We evaluate evidence for either range shift or range stability between the last glacial maximum (LGM) and present time in the chisel-toothed kangaroo rat (Dipodomys microps), an endemic of the Great Basin and Mojave deserts. We modeled how the species' range would have changed if the climatic niche of the species remained conserved between the LGM and present time. The climatic models imply that if D. microps inhabited the same climatic niche during the LGM as it does today, the species would have persisted primarily within the warm Mojave Desert and expanded northwards into the cold Great Basin only after the LGM. Contrary to the climatic models, the mitochondrial DNA assessment revealed signals of population persistence within the current distribution of the species throughout at least the latest glacial-interglacial cycle. We concluded that D. microps did not track its climatic niche during late Pleistocene oscillations, but rather met the challenge of a changing environment by shifting its niche and retaining large portions of its distribution. We speculate that this kind of response to fluctuating climate was possible because of 'niche drifting', an alteration of the species' realized niche due to plasticity in various biological characters. Our study provides an example of an approach to reconstruct species' responses to past climatic changes that can be used to evaluate whether and to what extent taxa have capacity to shift their niches in response to the changing environment - information becoming increasingly important to predicting biotic responses to future environmental changes.