Distributed Intelligent MEMS: A Survey and a Real-Time Programming Framework
Distributed Intelligent MEMS: A Survey and a Real-Time Programming Framework
复制标题
分布式智能 MEMS：调查和实时编程框架
DOI：
10.1145/2926964
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Li Tao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liang Junbin;Cao Jiannong;Liu Rui;Li Tao
分布式智能微机电系统（DiMEMSs）是近年来出现的一种新型分布式嵌入式系统。DiMEMS包含成千上万个可移动的自治设备，这些设备将相互协作以实现整个系统的最终目标。对这样的系统进行编程正成为一个极其困难的问题。困难不仅是由于其固有的分布式协作性质、移动性、大规模以及其设备的有限资源（例如，在能量、存储器、通信和计算方面），而且还满足实时控制的要求和对不确定性（例如不准确的致动和不可靠的通信）的容限。因此，现有的传统分布式和嵌入式系统的编程语言是不适合的DiMEMS。本文首先介绍了DiMEMS的起源和特点，然后综述了DiMEMS的典型实现和相关研究热点。最后，我们提出了一个实时编程框架，可用于设计新的实时编程语言的DiMEMS。该框架由三层组成：实时编程模型层、编译层和运行时系统层。这些层的设计挑战和要求进行了研究。该框架，然后进一步详细讨论，并为今后的研究提出了建议。
In recent years, distributed intelligent microelectromechanical systems (DiMEMSs) have appeared as a new form of distributed embedded systems. DiMEMSs contain thousands or millions of removable autonomous devices, which will collaborate with each other to achieve the final target of the whole system. Programming such systems is becoming an extremely difficult problem. The difficulty is due not only to their inherent nature of distributed collaboration, mobility, large scale, and limited resources of their devices (e.g., in terms of energy, memory, communication, and computation) but also to the requirements of real-time control and tolerance for uncertainties such as inaccurate actuation and unreliable communications. As a result, existing programming languages for traditional distributed and embedded systems are not suitable for DiMEMSs. In this article, we first introduce the origin and characteristics of DiMEMSs and then survey typical implementations of DiMEMSs and related research hotspots. Finally, we propose a real-time programming framework that can be used to design new real-time programming languages for DiMEMSs. The framework is composed of three layers: a real-time programming model layer, a compilation layer, and a runtime system layer. The design challenges and requirements of these layers are investigated. The framework is then discussed in further detail and suggestions for future research are given.