Spatial and temporal arrival patterns of Madagascar's vertebrate fauna explained by distance, ocean currents, and ancestor type
Spatial and temporal arrival patterns of Madagascar's vertebrate fauna explained by distance, ocean currents, and ancestor type
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1113993109
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发表时间：
2012-04-03
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Krause, David W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Samonds, Karen E.;Godfrey, Laurie R.;Krause, David W.
马达加斯加的脊椎动物是如何、何时、从哪里来到岛上的，人们知之甚少，对岛上生物分布的全面解释也尚未出现。我们开始打破僵局，通过分析脊椎动物的到达模式暗示目前存在的类群。对于每81个分支，我们编制的到达日期，来源和祖先类型（专性淡水，陆地，兼性游泳，或飞跑）。我们分析了到达率的变化，调整和不调整进化枝灭绝。成功的跨洋扩散的概率是负相关的距离旅行和洋流和祖先类型的影响。从古新世起，专性椽成功越洋扩散的概率下降，中新世中期后达到最低水平。这一发现与古海洋学模型[Ali JR，Huber M（2010）Nature 463：653-656]一致，该模型预测早期新生代的表面流周期性地有利于从非洲漂流或游泳，随后在1500 - 2000万年前重新配置为现今的流，这显著降低了从邻近大陆跨洋扩散到马达加斯加的能力。
How, when, and from where Madagascar's vertebrates arrived on the island is poorly known, and a comprehensive explanation for the distribution of its organisms has yet to emerge. We begin to break that impasse by analyzing vertebrate arrival patterns implied by currently existing taxa. For each of 81 clades, we compiled arrival date, source, and ancestor type (obligate freshwater, terrestrial, facultative swimmer, or volant). We analyzed changes in arrival rates, with and without adjusting for clade extinction. Probability of successful transoceanic dispersal is negatively correlated with distance traveled and influenced by ocean currents and ancestor type. Obligate rafters show a decrease in probability of successful transoceanic dispersal from the Paleocene onward, reaching the lowest levels after the mid-Miocene. This finding is consistent with a paleoceanographic model [Ali JR, Huber M (2010) Nature 463:653-656] that predicts Early Cenozoic surface currents periodically conducive to rafting or swimming from Africa, followed by a reconfiguration to present-day flow 15-20 million years ago that significantly diminished the ability for transoceanic dispersal to Madagascar from the adjacent mainland.