Municipal solid waste management in China: status, problems and challenges.
Municipal solid waste management in China: status, problems and challenges.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.03.012
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发表时间：
2010-08
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
D. Zhang;S. Tan;R. Gersberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Zhang;S. Tan;R. Gersberg
本文介绍了中国城市生活垃圾的产生和组成，概述了城市生活垃圾管理的现状，分析了城市生活垃圾收集、分离、回收和处置中存在的问题，并对未来城市生活垃圾系统的改进提出了建议。在我国，沿着城市化、人口增长和工业化进程，城市生活垃圾产生量迅速增加。城市固体废物总量由1980年的3130万公吨增加至2006年的2.12亿公吨，废物产生率由1980年的每人每天0.50公斤增加至2006年的每人每年0.98公斤。目前，中国的废物成分主要是高有机和水分含量，因为城市固体废物中厨房废物的浓度占废物流的最高比例（约60%）。在2006年，收集和运送的都市固体废物总量为1.48亿公吨，其中91.4%以堆填方式处理，6.4%以焚化方式处理，2.2%以堆肥方式处理。2007年，中国的城市固体废物处理率约为62%。2007年，有460个设施，包括366个垃圾填埋场，17个合成厂和66个焚烧厂。本文还考虑了中国城市生活垃圾管理面临的挑战和机遇，并提出了一些建议，旨在改善城市生活垃圾管理体系。
This paper presents an examination of MSW generation and composition in China, providing an overview of the current state of MSW management, an analysis of existing problems in MSW collection, separation, recycling and disposal, and some suggestions for improving MSW systems in the future. In China, along with urbanization, population growth and industrialization, the quantity of municipal solid waste (MSW) generation has been increasing rapidly. The total MSW amount increased from 31.3 million tonnes in 1980 to 212 million tonnes in 2006, and the waste generation rate increased from 0.50kg/capita/day in 1980 to 0.98kg/capita/year in 2006. Currently, waste composition in China is dominated by a high organic and moisture content, since the concentration of kitchen waste in urban solid waste makes up the highest proportion (at approximately 60%) of the waste stream. The total amount of MSW collected and transported was 148 million tonnes in 2006, of which 91.4% was landfilled, 6.4% was incinerated and 2.2% was composted. The overall MSW treatment rate in China was approximately 62% in 2007. In 2007, there were 460 facilities, including 366 landfill sites, 17 composing plants, and 66 incineration plants. This paper also considers the challenges faced and opportunities for MSW management in China, and a number of recommendations are made aimed at improving the MSW management system.