S-glutathionylation of cryptic cysteines enhances titin elasticity by blocking protein folding.

S-glutathionylation of cryptic cysteines enhances titin elasticity by blocking protein folding.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2014.01.056
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发表时间:
2014-03-13
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Fernández JM
Fernández JM
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Alegre-Cebollada J;Kosuri P;Giganti D;Eckels E;Rivas-Pardo JA;Hamdani N;Warren CM;Solaro RJ;Linke WA;Fernández JM

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The giant elastic protein titin is a determinant factor in how much blood fills the left ventricle during diastole, and thus in the etiology of heart disease. Titin has been identified as a target of S-glutathionylation, an end product of the nitric oxide signaling cascade that increases cardiac muscle elasticity. However, it is unknown how S-glutathionylation may regulate the elasticity of titin and cardiac tissue. Here we show that mechanical unfolding of titin immunoglobulin (Ig) domains exposes buried cysteine residues, which then can be S-glutathionylated. S-glutathionylation of cryptic cysteines greatly decreases the mechanical stability of the parent Ig domain as well as its ability to fold. Both effects favor a more extensible state of titin. Furthermore we demonstrate that S-glutathionylation of cryptic cysteines in titin mediates mechano-chemical modulation of the elasticity of human cardiomyocytes. We propose that posttranslational modification of cryptic residues is a general mechanism to regulate tissue elasticity.
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