The gut microbiota influences anticancer immunosurveillance and general health
The gut microbiota influences anticancer immunosurveillance and general health
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DOI：
10.1038/s41571-018-0006-2
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
影响因子：
78.8
通讯作者：
Kroemer, Guido
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Routy, Bertrand;Gopalakrishnan, Vancheswaran;Kroemer, Guido
过去5年中的发现表明，肠道微生物群的组成对抗癌免疫监视的有效性具有重大影响，从而有助于靶向细胞毒性T淋巴细胞蛋白4（CTL A-4）或程序性细胞死亡蛋白1（PD-1）-程序性细胞死亡1配体1（PD-L1）轴的免疫检查点抑制剂的治疗活性，以及免疫原性化疗的活性。在此，我们强调了一些细菌，如嗜粘蛋白阿克曼氏菌，脆弱拟杆菌，双歧杆菌属。和粪杆菌属，在临床前肿瘤模型和癌症患者中与有利的抗癌免疫应答相关。重要的是，这些细菌似乎对一般健康也有积极的影响，从而降低了代谢紊乱和各种慢性炎症病理的发生率。我们推测，一个多样化和有利的微生物生态系统有利于生物体内平衡，特别是在癌症免疫对话的水平。
Discoveries made in the past 5 years indicate that the composition of the intestinal microbiota has a major influence on the effectiveness of anticancer immunosurveillance and thereby contributes to the therapeutic activity of immune-checkpoint inhibitors that target cytotoxic T lymphocyte protein 4 (CTL A-4) or the programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)-programmed cell death 1 ligand 1(PD-L1) axis, as well as the activity of immunogenic chemotherapies. Herein, we highlight some of the bacteria, such as Akkermansia muciniphila, Bacteroides fragilis, Bifidobacterium spp. and Faecalibacterium spp., that have been associated with favourable anticancer immune responses in both preclinical tumour models and patients with cancer. Importantly, these bacteria also seem to have a positive influence on general health, thus reducing the incidence of metabolic disorders and a wide range of chronic inflammatory pathologies. We surmise that a diverse and propitious microbial ecosystem favours organismal homeostasis, particularly at the level of the cancer-immune dialogue.