Representation of Maximally Regular Textures in Human Visual Cortex
Representation of Maximally Regular Textures in Human Visual Cortex
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.2962-15.2016
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发表时间：
2016-01-20
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Norcia, Anthony M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kohler, Peter J.;Clarke, Alasdair;Norcia, Anthony M.
具有中等程度统计规律性的自然主义纹理可以捕获自然图像的关键结构特征（Freeman和Simoncelli，2011）。V2和之后的视觉区域对这些特征敏感，而初级视觉皮层则不敏感（Freeman等人，2013年）。在这里，我们通过研究一类具有最大形式规则性的纹理，即17种结晶墙纸组（Fedorov，1891）来扩展这项工作。我们使用的纹理刺激，从四个不同的旋转对称的最大顺序，他们包含的组，并测量人类参与者的神经反应，使用功能性MRI和高密度EEG。我们发现，皮质区V3有一个参数表示的旋转对称性的纹理是不存在的V1或V2，第一次发现的刺激属性，区分处理V3从较低级别的地区。参数反应也被认为是在高阶腹侧流区V4，V01，和枕外侧复合体（ESTA），但不是在背侧流区。参数响应模式在EEG数据中被复制，并且源定位表明V3和V4中的响应在EEG中引起响应，这与前馈机制一致。最后，我们提出了我们的刺激四个发达的前馈模型，发现他们都不能解释我们的结果。我们的研究结果突出了结构的规律性作为一个重要的刺激维度区分视觉处理的早期阶段，并建议一个以前未被认识到的V3在视觉形式处理层次结构的作用。
Naturalistic textures with an intermediate degree of statistical regularity can capture key structural features of natural images (Freeman and Simoncelli, 2011). V2 and later visual areas are sensitive to these features, while primary visual cortex is not (Freeman et al., 2013). Here we expand on this work by investigating a class of textures that have maximal formal regularity, the 17 crystallographic wallpaper groups (Fedorov, 1891). We used texture stimuli from four of the groups that differ in the maximum order of rotation symmetry they contain, and measured neural responses in human participants using functional MRI and high-density EEG. We found that cortical area V3 has a parametric representation of the rotation symmetries in the textures that is not present in either V1 or V2, the first discovery of a stimulus property that differentiates processing in V3 from that of lower-level areas. Parametric responses were also seen in higher-order ventral stream areas V4, V01, and lateral occipital complex (LOC), but not in dorsal stream areas. The parametric response pattern was replicated in the EEG data, and source localization indicated that responses in V3 and V4 lead responses in LOC, which is consistent with a feedforward mechanism. Finally, we presented our stimuli to four well developed feedforward models and found that none of them were able to account for our results. Our results highlight structural regularity as an important stimulus dimension for distinguishing the early stages of visual processing, and suggest a previously unrecognized role for V3 in the visual form-processing hierarchy.