Genetic progress in yield potential in wheat: recent advances and future prospects
Genetic progress in yield potential in wheat: recent advances and future prospects
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DOI：
10.1017/s0021859607006740
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发表时间：
2007-02-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Sylvester-Bradley, R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foulkes, M. J.;Snape, J. W.;Sylvester-Bradley, R.
与产量潜力的遗传增益相关的生理性状的变化的知识是必不可少的，以提高产量限制因素的理解，并告知未来的育种策略。小麦遗传产量潜力及相关生理变化研究进展综述了全世界产量潜力的遗传增益与收获指数（HI）和地上干物质（AGDM）呈正相关，自1990年以来，产量进展与生物量相关的报道越来越多。因此，在保持HI值不变的前提下，提高生物产量是今后育种的重要目标。冬小麦生物量的增加与开花前辐射利用效率（芸香）和开花期茎中水溶性碳水化合物（WSC）含量呈正相关。目前在两个双单倍体（DH）群体的结果表明，在英国的环境中，茎WSC和粮食产量之间的正线性关系。近年来世界范围内的研究表明，小麦生物量的增加与外源基因的导入有关，如1BL. 1 RS小麦-黑麦易位系和7 DL. 7Ag小麦-长穗冰草易位系。目前的研究结果证实了积极的影响1BL.1RS收获生物量在英国的两个DH群体。未来的前景，确定生理性状，以提高产量潜力被认为是特别提到的冬小麦生长在欧洲西北部。建议优化生根性状，延长茎伸长阶段，更大的芸香，更大的茎WSC存储和优化穗形态将是重要的育种进展，在未来几年的产量潜力。
Knowledge of the changes in physiological traits associated with genetic gains in yield potential is essential to improve understanding of yield-limiting factors and to inform future breeding strategies. Recent advances in genetic yield potential and associated physiological changes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) are reviewed. Genetic gains in yield potential worldwide have been both positively correlated with harvest index (HI) and above-ground dry matter (AGDM), with more frequent reports of yield progress associated with biomass since about 1990. It is concluded that an important aim of future breeding will be the increase of biomass production while maintaining the present values of HI. In winter wheat recent biomass progress has been positively associated with pre-anthesis radiation-use efficiency (RUE) and water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content of stems at anthesis. Present results in two doubled-haploid (DH) populations show a positive linear relationship between stem WSC and grain yield in the UK environment. Results from various investigations worldwide in recent years have demonstrated that biomass increases have been associated with particular introductions of alien genes into wheat germplasm, e.g. the 1BL.1RS wheat-rye translocation and the 7DL.7Ag wheat-Agropyron elongatum translocation. Present results confirm a positive effect of 1BL.1RS on harvest biomass in two DH populations in the UK. The future prospects for identifying physiological traits to raise yield potential are considered with particular reference to winter wheat grown in northwestern Europe. It is proposed that optimized rooting traits, an extended stem-elongation phase, greater RUE, greater stem WSC storage and optimized ear morphology will be important for breeding progress in yield potential in future years.