Are Interventions Theory-Based? Development of a Theory Coding Scheme
Are Interventions Theory-Based? Development of a Theory Coding Scheme
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DOI：
10.1037/a0016939
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Prestwich, Andrew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Michie, Susan;Prestwich, Andrew
目的：干预措施越来越多地被描述为以理论为基础；然而，这一基础往往不清楚。推进行为科学需要很好地理解干预措施是如何受到理论的启发和检验的。本研究旨在开发一种可靠的方法来评估行为干预在多大程度上是基于理论的。设计：通过对促进体力活动和健康饮食的干预措施进行系统回顾，在29篇论文应用初始编码方案的基础上，在13个迭代阶段改进了初始编码方案的可靠性、可用性和全面性。结果：最终的理论编码方案包括19个项目，每个项目都有令人满意的评价者间信度，编码是否提到一个理论或模型，理论如何应用于干预设计，干预评价如何检验理论，以及结果对未来理论发展的影响。结论：理论编码方案是一项重要的方法创新，它提供了一种研究工具，可以可靠地描述干预的理论基础，为文献综述和荟萃分析中的证据合成提供信息，并鼓励使用实证数据进行理论发展。
Objective: Interventions are increasingly described as theory-based; however, the basis for this is often not clear. Advancing behavioral science requires a good understanding of how interventions are informed by, and test, theory. This study aims to develop a reliable method for assessing the extent to which behavioral interventions are theory-based. Design: The reliability, usability, and comprehensiveness of an initial coding scheme were improved in 13 iterative stages on the basis of its application to 29 papers, from a systematic review of interventions to promote physical activity and healthy eating. Results: The final Theory Coding Scheme contained 19 items, each with satisfactory interrater reliabilities, coding whether a theory or model was mentioned, how theories were used in intervention design, how intervention evaluations tested theory, and the implications of the results for future theory development. Conclusion: The Theory Coding Scheme is an important methodological innovation, providing a research tool to reliably describe the theoretical base of interventions, inform evidence syntheses within literature reviews and meta-analyses, and stimulate the use of empirical data for theory development.